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Title: | Kemampuan Pulih Sebagai Dasar Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Siput Lola (Trochus Nilotius. L 1767) di Perairan Pulau Rhun, Kecamatan Banda, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah |
Other Titles: | The restoration ability of lola snails (Trochus niloticus L. 1767) Resources as the Management Base in the Waters of Rhun District in the Banda Island, Central Maluku |
Authors: | Wardianto, Yusli Setyobudiandi, Isdrajad Khouw, Abraham Semuel La Abukena, Safrudin |
Issue Date: | 2014 |
Publisher: | IPB (Bogor Agricultural University) |
Abstract: | Tingginya permintaan pasar dunia akan cangkang siput lola (Trochus niloticus), telah meningkatkan pengeksploitasian terhadap sumberdaya tersebut. Tercatat pada tahun 1998, diperkirakan sebesar 7000 ton/tahun dengan nilai mencapai 50-60 juta dolar Amerika, dimana 70% dari nilai eksport tersebut berasal dari Kepulauan Pasifik, sementara sisanya 30% dari Indonesia (FAO, 1992 dalam Dwiono et al. 2009). Hal ini berdampak terjadinya penurunan nilai produksi serta rendahnya ketersediaan sumberdaya di alam. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, dibeberapa negara penghasil siput lola, telah melakukan translokasi dan memperpanjang masa panen (Gillet, 2002). Hasilnya, di Kepulauan Cook (Fiji Islands) setelah melakukan translokasi dan menunggu selama 31 tahun hasil produksi sebesar 200 ton (Sims, 1988), sedangkan di Tahiti produksi dapat mencapai 350 ton dalam kurun waktu 17 tahun (Cheneson, 1997).
Maluku yang dikenal sebagai penghasil utama siput lola di Indonesia mencapai puncak produksinya tahun 1989 yakni sebesar 250 ton dengan nilai 6,8 milyar rupiah, namun selanjutnya mengalami penurunan hingga mencapai 95,1 ton dengan nilai 2,7 milyar rupiah pada tahun 1990 (Braley, 1993 dalam Dwiono et al. 2009). Pusat Data Statistik, DKP Provinsi Maluku mencatat bahwa nilai produksi siput lola di tahun 2005 hanya sebesar 14.2 ton.
Masyarakat di Kepulauan Banda sering memanfaatkan sumberdaya yang hidup pada zona intertidal ini sebagai sumber pendapatan dan penunjang kehidupan sehari-hari. Tingginya tingkat eksploitasi oleh masyarakat megakibatkan penurunan sumberdaya siput lola tersebut walaupun telah diberlakukan sistem “Sasi” selama 2 tahun.
Penelitian dengan judul Kemampuan pulih sebagai dasar pengelolaan sumberdaya siput lola ini terdiri dari 4 bagian utama yakni: (1) Potensi dan distribusi Trochus spp. pada zona intertidal perairan pantai Pulau Rhun; (2) Aspek biologi Reproduksi sumberdaya siput lola (Trochus niloticus) di perairan pantai Pulau Rhun, (3) Pertumbuhan siput lola (Trochus niloticus) pada zona eksplotasi perairan pantai Pulau Rhun; (4) Tingkat pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan sumberdaya siput lola (Trochus niloticus) di perairan pantai Pulau Rhun, sebagai suatu kesatuan yang keseluruhannya bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pulih sebagai dasar pengelolaan sumberdaya siput lola. The increasing demand of the world market of lola snails shell has also increased this resources exploitation. FAO (1992) in Dwiono et al. (2009) recorded that in 1998, the estimation demand of this resource was 7000 tons/year and it reached 50-60 million U.S. dollars, in which 70 % of the export value was derived from the Pacific Islands, while the rest of 30 % come from Indonesia. This was because of a decreasing in production value and low in the availability of natural resources. To overcome this problem, in some major producing countries, lola snails has been translocated and extended its harvest period (Gillet, 2002). As a result, in the Cook Islands (Fiji Islands), after performing a translocation and waiting for 31 years, the production reaching of 200 tons (Sims, 1988), while in Tahiti, the production could reach 350 tons in 17 years (Cheneson, 1997). Maluku is known also as the main producer of lola snails could reach the highest production of 250 tons in 1989 or equivalent to the value of 6.8 billion rupiah, but after that it declined further to 95.1 ton or 2.7 billion rupiah in 1990 (Braley, 1993 in Dwiono et al. 2009). The Statistical Data Center of Maluku Province noted that the production of lola snails was just $ 14.2 tons in 2005. People live in the Banda Island often take some advantages of Siput lola resources that are living in coastal waters of Rhun Island as a source of additional income to support their daily life. Higher levels of exploitation of this resource by this society despite having impose a time of "Sasi" for 2 years, resulting in a very significant reduction beyond the ability of resource to recover their own resources in a few years. This study restoration ability of lola snails (Trochus niloticus L. 1767) Resources as the Management Base in the Waters consists of four main sections namely: (1) Potency and distribution of Trochus spp. in the intertidal zone of coastal waters in the Rhun Island; (2) Biological aspects of lola snails resources living in coastal waters of the Rhun Island, District of Banda Naira, Central Maluku Regency; (3) The growth of lola snails living in the exploitation zone of the coastal waters of the Rhun Island; (4) The average utilization and management of the level exploitation of lola snails living in the coastal zone of the Rhun Island, where all of these advantages aimed to analyze the restoration ability of lola snails as the base resource management policies. |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/119401 |
Appears in Collections: | DT - Fisheries |
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2014sla.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 23.09 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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