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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/119397| Title: | Karakter enzim di rizosfer Kelapa Sawit pada lahan gambut |
| Other Titles: | The Character of enzyme in oil palm rhizosphere on peatland |
| Authors: | Sabiham, Supiandi Sutandi, Atang Saraswati, Rasti Maswar Harianti, Mimien |
| Issue Date: | 2017 |
| Publisher: | IPB (Bogor Agricultural University) |
| Abstract: | Pemanfaatan lahan gambut menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit saat ini
menjadi sorotan karena dikaitkan dengan emisi CO2 dari dekomposisi gambut.
Dekomposisi gambut dipercepat sebagai akibat drainase lahan gambut untuk
menciptakan kondisi lingkungan yang sesuai bagi perkembangan dan
pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Perubahan lingkungan gambut di rizosfer kelapa sawit
seperti komposisi lignoselulosa, status hara total, asam organik eksudat akar
menentukan karakter enzim sebagai indikator dekomposisi gambut. Karakter
enzim yang terukur sebagai aktivitas enzim menjadi informasi dasar untuk
mendukung pengelolaan dan stabilitas gambut di perkebunan kelapa sawit.
Penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan melakukan pengkajian terhadap: 1)
perubahan komposisi lignoselulosa sebagai penyusun gambut, 2) status hara
gambut sebagai penentu aktivitas enzim dirizosfer, 3) kontribusi perakaran di
lahan gambut dalam proses dekomposisi bahan gambut, 4) aktivitas enzim
sebagai indikator proses dekomposisi di rizosfer pada lahan gambut
Pengamatan dilakukan pada 3 jenis penggunaan lahan (kebun kelapa
sawit, hutan dan semak). Pengamatan dan pengambilan sampel gambut dilakukan
dengan metoda transek yaitu terdapat 8 transel<: pada ketiga penggunaan lahan.
Pada kebun kelapa sawit transek mewakili 2 ketebalan gambut yaitu <3m dan > 3
m dan dari dua kelompok ketebalan gambut tersebut dipilih lokasi yang
memenuhi kriteria umur kelapa sawit yaitu <6, 6-15, > 15 tahun. Transek
ditetapkan tegak lurus dengan saluran drainase (collection drain). Sampel gambut
yang diambil adalah gambut yang menempel pada akar. Bahan gambut
dikomposit pada kedalaman lapisan perakaran 0-25, 25-50, 50-75cm tergantung
tinggi muka air tanah dan pada jarak 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4m dari pohon pada
seperempat lingkaran tajuk pohon, hal ini dilakukan mengingat adanya perbedaan
distribusi perakaran kelapa sawit dari pangkal pohon kelapa sawit dan adanya
aplikasi pupuk pada piringan kelapa sawit yaitu pada jarak l-2m dari pohon.
Informasi karakter enzim di rizosfer kelapa sawit pada lahan gambut dihubungkan
dengan komposisi lignoselulosa (kadar selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin), status
hara total (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, dan Zn), distribusi bobot akar, eksudat akar
(kadar asam organik karboksilat dan fenolat), dan aktivitas enzim terkait
pemupukan yaitu urease, fosfatase, serta terkait dekomposisi gambut yaitu Pglukosidase
dan laccase. The extension of oil palm plantation in peatland has been a controversial due to CO2 emmision from peat decomposition. Peat decomposition could be caused by peatland drainage to improved peat environment for supporting roots growth and development. Changes of peat environtment in oil palms rhizosphere like composition of lignocellulose, state of nuti;ients, organic acids exudate could influenced the character of enzyme, which was measured by enzyme activities. Enzyme activity could be as peat decomposition. Some research had been showed that fertilizer application triggered peat decomposition. Enzyme activities might be a basic information to support stability and management of peatland in oil palm plantation. This research was arranged to studied : 1) the change of lignocelluloses composition of peatmatter, 2) the total nutrients state in oil palm rhizosphere, 3) the contribution of oil palm roots in peat land as producer of root exudate, 4) enzyme activities as decomposition processes indicators in the rhizosphere of peatland. The research site in oil palm plantation was involved 3 landuse for location observation (oil palm plantation, degraded forest, and shrubs). The observation and peat sampling were done in transect. There were eight transect in 3 landuse. The location of oil palm plantation was represent 2 peat thicknesses (<3 and >3m) and the ages of oil palm (<6, 6-15, >15 years). Transects were made perpendicular of collection drain. Peat sampling was done by hand shaking of the adhere of peat. The sample was composite based on the distance from the tree (0- 1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4m) in area a quarter of canopy, and the root depths (0-25, 25-50, 50-75 cm) were depended on water table fluctuation. The benchmark of peat sampling was the different of lateral roots distribution from the tree and the application of fertilizer in the circle of the tree (at the distance 1-2m from the tree). Information soil enzyme characteristics was provided by analysis of peat matters lignocelluloses composition ( cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin), total nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn), active root biomass, root exudate (carboxylic and phenolic acids), and enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase, Pglucosidase, dan laccase). |
| URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/119397 |
| Appears in Collections: | DT - Agriculture |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017mha.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 2.53 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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