Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/119171
Title: Formulasi rolling oil berbahan dasar minyak sawit
Other Titles: The Formulation of Palm Based Rolling Oil
Authors: Irawadi, Tun Tedja
Sa'id, H.E. Gumbira
Mas'ud, Zainal Alim
Ainuri, Makhmudun
Issue Date: 2002
Publisher: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstract: Rolling oil adalah salah satu pelumas yang digunakan pada industri logam, khususnya pada proses cold rolling mill (CRM), berfungsi sebagai roll collant. roll oil dan pickier oil. Rolling oil terdiri atas pelurnas dasar dan aditif-aditif. Pelumas dasar rolling oil pada umumnya berasal dari minyak bumi atau minyak sintetik yang dapat menyebabkan perrnasalahan baik dalam kinerja proses maupun pencemaran lingkungan. Di lain pihak minyak sawit mempunyai sifat lebih baik untuk dijadikan sebagai pelumas dasar rolling oil dibandingkan dengan minyak mineral, terutama ramah terhadap lingkungan, merupakan bahan terbarukan dan beberapa slfat unggul yang berhubungan dengan kinerja proses. Sementara pemanfaatan minyak sawit masih terbatas sehingga terbuka peluang sebagai pelumas dasar rolling oil. Penentuan mutu pelumas dasar minyak sawit dan aditif dalam formulasi rolling oil dalam penelitian ini, didasarkan atas analisis karaketristik yang menggunakan dua metode, yaitu metode statistik untuk mengevaluasi efektif"rtas perlakuan dan metode zero-one digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan pemilihan alternatif terbaik. Minyak sawit kasar (CPO) mempunyai karakteristik seperti yang dimiliki oleh rolling oil RO-P (rolling oil pembanding), sehingga potensial digunakan sebagai pelumas dasar rolling oil. Beberapa parameter CPO yang berbeda dengan RO-P, mengindikasikan bahwa CPO perlu dimumikan sebelum digunakan sebagai pelumas dasar rolling oil. Minyak sawit yang dihasllkan dari tahapan pemumian degumming, bleaching dan deodorization, yaitu RBDPO mempunyai karakteristik terbaik sebagai pelumas dasar rolling oil. Pemilihan emulsifier, aditif peningkat indeks viskositas dan aditif tekanan ekstrim menghasilkan tlga jenis aditif terbaik yakni emulfluid A, AP. 5315 dan AP. 2337. lnteraksi pelumas dasar dengan aditif dan aditif dengan aditif lainnya menunjukkan bahwa, semakin tinggi tingkat kemumian minyak sawit semakin responsif terhadap penambahan aditif, sedangkan interaksi antara aditif menunjukkan bahwa penambahan aditif peningkat indeks viskositas memberi pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja emulsi dan sebaliknya penambahan aditif tekanan ekstrim cenderung berpengaruh negatif terhadap kestabilan emulsi dan kinerja viskositas. Pemilih,m konsentrasi Emulfluid A, AP. 5315 dan AP. 2337, menghasilkan konsentrasi terbaik masing-masing 2,00 % (bib), sedangkan formulasi rolling oil berbahan dasar minyak sawit menghasilkan dua macam formula, ~-aitu ROP-01 yang menggunakan pelumas dasar RBDPO dan ROP-02 yang menggunakan pelumas dasar RBPO. Formula lengkap ROP-01 dan ROP-02 adalah pelumas dasar sebesar 93.0 %, Emulfluid A, AP. 5315 dan AP. 2337 masing-masing (2,0 %), aditif biosida D-1 (0,1 %), anti oksidan 1.L-109 (0,6 %), dan anti korosi Wit.-209 (0,25 %) (bib) serta anti pembusaan R-7000 sebanyak 150.0 ppm. Atas dasar analisis kinerja Rolling oil yang ditunjukkan pada kinerja tekanan ekstrim, ROP-01 secara teknis merupakan formula terbaik diantara ROP-02 dan RO-P. lndustri ROP-01 dan ROP-02 secara finansial layak untuk didirikan. Pada kapasitas produksi 5 000 kg/hari dengan total investasi masing-masing Rp 7 966 948 417,- dan Rp. 7 643 824160,-, debt equity ratio (DER) 70:30, pada suku bunga tertinggi (23 %) dan harga rolling oil terendah (Rp 9 000,-), menghasilkan nilai NPV untuk ROP-01 dan ROP-02 berturut-turut sebesar Rp 663 244 466,- dan Rp.1 155 587 394,-, IRR (25,37 dan 27,26%), Net B/C (1,08 dan 1,15), PBP (7 tahun 8 bulan dan 7 tahun 4 bulan) dan BEP (Rp 6 827 874 424,- (758 653,00 kg) dan Rp 6 559 022 437,- (728 780,00 kg)). Nilai tambah yang dihasilkan adalah Rp. 1 979,891kg (22,00%) dan Rp 2 009,531kg (22,33 %), tenaga kerja (Rp 249,60/kg (12,61 %) dan Rp 241,60/kg (12,02%)), keuntungan (Rp. 1 730,29/kg (19,23%) dan Rp.1 767,93/kg (19,64%)) dari nilai output. Proporsi pendapatan pada faktor produksi, tenaga kerja (3,73 dan 3,61 %,), input lain (70,45 dan 70,01 %) dan keuntungan perusahaan (25,83 dan 26,39 %).
Rolling oil is a lubricant come in to use in metal working industries, especially in cold rolling mill (CRM) as roll coolants, roll oil and pickier oil. Rolling oil is the mixture of basic lubricant and additives. Basic lubricant of rolling oil is usually comes from mineral oil and synthetic oil that could cause problems on the process performance as well as on environment. On the other hand, palm oil is a potential commodity for the basic lubricant of rolling oU, but its' utilization are still limited. Thetefore palm oil is the best substitute for minerai and synthetic oil for rolling oil, especially on environmental conservation and has the best properties for process pedormance. Palm oil is very potential to replace mineral oil as basic lubricant of rolling oil. To determine the best basic lubricant and additives, there characteristic are analyzed using two methods, i.e. statistical method to evaluated the effectiveness of the tleatment and zero one method to obtain the best decision from several alternatives and criteria. Crude palm oil characteristics are generally similar to those of rolling oil RO-P. The best treatment series in preparing basic lubricant of rolling oil from CPO were degumming, bleaching, and deodorization, witch produced RSDPO. Whilst, additives selection, i.e. emulsifier, viscosity index improver and extreme pressure additives the best three kinds obtained additives namely emu/fluid A, AP. 5315 and AP.2337 additive. The data obtained showed that there were Interaction among the level of purity of the basic lubricant and additives as well as among different additives. It was found that as the purity of palm oil increase the interaction with additive gave positive respond. Whilst the interaction among additive showed that the addition of AP. 5315 additive gave a synergistic effect an emulsion performance of the mixture, in contrary the addition of AP. 2337 additive gave an antagonistic effect on emulsion stability and viscosity performances. The best concentration of the best additives obtained were 2 % (wlw) of emu/fluid A, 2 % (wlw) of AP. 5315 viscosity index improver and 2 % {wlw) of AP.2337 extreme pressure additive. Basie of the data obtained it could be formulated two types of rolling oil: (1) ROP-01 whitch compound of 93.0 % RBDPO, 2.0 % emu/fluid A, 2.0 % AP.5315, 2.0 % AP. 2337, 0,1 % D-1 bioside, 0,6 % I.L - 109 antioxidatant, 0,25 % (wlw) Wlt.-209 anticorossion additive and 150.0 ppm R-7000 antifoam additive, and (2) ROP-02 whitch compound of 93 % (wlw) RSPO, the other component was the same as that of ROP-01. ROP-01 and ROP-02 showed a much better pedormance in emulsion capability and extreme pressure characteristic than those of rolling oil RO-P. Financial feasibility on the production of ROP-01 and ROP-02 as follow: ROP-01 with assumptions: production capacity (5 000 kg/day), total of investment (Rp 7 966 948 417,-), debt equity ratio (10:30), the lowest price (Rp 9 000,-J and highest interest rate (23.00 %), calculation: NPV value {Rp 663 244 466,-J, /RR (25,37 %), net BIC (1,08), PBP (1 year and 8 months), and SEP (Rp 6 827 87 4 424,- or 758 653,00 kg). The results calculation of ROP-02 with assumptions: total of investment (Rp. 7 643 824 150,-J and the other assumptions using the same assumption of ROP-01 with are NPV value (Rp. 1 155 587 394,-), /RR (27,26%), net SIC (1, 15), PSP (1 year and 4 months) , and SEP {Rp 6 559 022 437,- or 728 780,00 kg)). Using the same assumption it follows that the added value on production of ROP-01 are added value (Rp 1 979,891kg or 22,00 %), employment (Rp 249,60/kg or 12,61%), net profit (Rp 1 730,291kg or 19,23%) and margin proportion of production factors: employment (3, 73 %), manufacturing profit (25,83 %) and the other factor productions ((10,45 %). ROP-02 : added value {Rp 2 009,531/cg or 22,33 %), employment (Rp 241,60/lcg or 12,02%), net profit (RP 1 767,93/lcg or 19,W/4) and margin proportion of production factors are employment (3,61 %,), manufacturing profit (26,39 %) and the other factor productions (10,01 %).
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/119171
Appears in Collections:DT - Agriculture Technology

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