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Title: | Studi populasi ikan layang deles (Decapterus macrosoma) di perairan Banda Neira, Maluku |
Other Titles: | A Study on the Population of Shortfin Scad (Decapterus macrosoma) in Banda Neira Waters, Maluku |
Authors: | Sulistiono Muchsin, Ismudi Senen, Budiono |
Issue Date: | 2011 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | penting yang banyak terdapat di Banda Neira. Pada umumnya penangkapan ikan
ini dengan menggunakan pancing dan jaring insan, namun seiring dengan
perkembangan alat penangkapan ikan, penangkapan beralih dengan menggunakan
mini purse seine. Penangkapan dengan mini purse seine akhir-akhir ini tidak
memikirkan keberlanjutan usaha penangkapan dan populasi ikan D.macrosoma di
masa-masa yang akan datang. Hal ini ditandai dengan tingginya penangkapan
ikan-ikan muda yang terus dilakukan. Untuk mempertahankan kondisi usaha
perikanan tangkap khususnya perikanan ikan D.macrosoma di Banda Neira saat
sekarang dan masa yang akan datang, maka pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan harus
berasaskan prinsip kehati-hatian dan berkelanjutan. Untuk itu hal yang pertama
yang harus dilakukan adalah kajian terhadap beberapa parameter populasi,
diantaranya pola pertumbuhan, reproduksi dan konsep pengelolaan ikan
D.macrosoma di Perairan Banda Neira.
Pelaksanaan penelitian berlangsung pada bulan Februari sampai dengan
Agustus 2010 di Perairan Banda Neira, Maluku. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan
dilima stasiun, berdasarkan lokasi penangkapan ikan D.macrosoma. Penangkapan
dilakukan pada saat malam hari atau menjelang pagi hari dengan mini purse seine
(panjang jaring 235 meter, tinggi 65 meter dengan ukuran mata pada bagian
kantong 1inchi atau 2.54 cm). Metode yang digunakan delam penelitian ini
adalah diskripsi analitik. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa parameter biologi
berupa panjang total, bobot total, berat gonad, jenis kelamin, indeks kematangan
gonad (IKG) dan tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG).
Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu distribusi ukuran
panjang total, bobot dan faktor kondisi, reproduksi terdiri dari nisbah kelamin,
TKG, IKG, ukuran ikan pertama kali matang gonad, pendugaan parameter
pertumbuhan (ELEFAN I), mortalitas laju eksploitasi dan analisis hasil per
penambahan baru relatif (Y/R’) dan biomasa per penambahan baru (B/R’). Shortfin Scad (Decapterus macrosoma) is one of the fish resource found in Banda Neira waters, which at the moment is being commercially exploited by mini purse seine. This research was carried out from February to August 2010 to investigate growth, reproduction, and exploitation rates and determine the mangement aspect of the fish resource. Method used in this research was descriptive analysis. Samples were randomly taken once a week for as many as 50-100 individual of fish (N = 1937, male = 979, female = 958). The result obtained from this study shows that sex ratio of the fish was of 1:1. The total body length ranged between 75 and 315 mm. In general, the fish is spawned between February and March. The size of the first male and female mature gonad was 250 mm total body length. The highest gonad somatic index was 2.19% (February) and the lowest one was 1.7% (June). The growth of the fish followed by Von Bertalanffy’s model, where male and female fish were Lt = 309.75 (1 – e -0.38 (t +0.03)), and Lt = 331.8 (1 – e -0.26 (t + 0.02)), respectively. The growth of male fish was found faster (K = 0.38 mm/month) comparing to the female one (K = 0.26 mm/month). The total mortality (Z) was 0.55 consisting of natural mortality (M) 0.47 and fishing mortality (F) 0.08. The level of fish exploitation (E) was about 0.1 with an average exploitation (U) 0.06. The yield per recruitment (Y/R’) at E reached its maximum (Emax) at 0.472, and the value of the Y/R’, was 0.043. There has not been any indication of overfishing (E = 0.1). According to the biological and resources data, the management concepts that need to be recommended are: (1) Change in mesh size of the mini purse seine from 1 inch to 2 inches, (2) Fishing may not be conducted in February and March, because many fishes have mature gonads. |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/118894 |
Appears in Collections: | MT - Fisheries |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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2011bse.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 14.51 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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