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Title: | Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Potensi Peptida Bioaktif Hidrolisat Protein Kulit Ikan Tuna Sirip Kuning (Thunnus albacares) |
Authors: | Santoso, Joko Suseno, Segeng Heri Rachman, Sitti Hardiyanti |
Issue Date: | 15-Feb-2023 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | Industri filet tuna menghasilkan produk sampingan berupa kulit yang
melimpah dengan kandungan protein yang tinggi, berpotensi digunakan sebagai
produk hidrolisat protein untuk sumber komponen bioaktif. Berbagai eksplorasi
peptida bioaktif dari kulit ikan umumnya berupa hidrolisat protein gelatin dan
kolagen. Hidrolisat protein ikan (HPI) langsung dari kulit tuna berpotensi sebagai
antioksidan dan memiliki berbagai senyawa bioaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mendapatkan perlakuan terbaik untuk proses defatting, mengevaluasi pengaruh
konsentrasi enzim dan waktu hidrolisis terhadap atribut derajat hidrolisat (DH) dan
menilai aktivitas antioksidan serta mengidentifikasi berbagai senyawa bioaktif
potensial.
Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu: tahap pertama adalah proses
defatting menggunakan NaHCO3 dengan konsentrasi dan lama waktu perendaman
yang berbeda dengan penentuan perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan penurunan kadar
lemak. Tahap kedua berupa proses produksi hidrolisat protein kulit tuna dengan
konsentrasi enzim papain dan lama waktu hidrolisis yang berbeda. Penentuan
perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan nilai DH, aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode 2.2-
diphenil-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-biz ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic
acid (ABTS) dan reducing power, berat molekul dan gugus fungsi, perlakuan
terbaik HPI dianalisis komposisi asam amino menggunakan metode ultra
performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) dan analisis potensi peptida bioaktif
dengan liqud chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses penghilangan lemak menggunakan
NaHCO3 0,50% selama 30 menit menghasilkan persentasi penurunan kadar lemak
terbaik yaitu 80,53%. Penggunaan enzim papain memberikan pengaruh signifikan
terhadap DH hidrolisat kulit tuna, dengan nilai 29,72-67,64%. Oleh karena itu,
hidrolisat kulit tuna yang diperoleh dari berbagai konsentrasi selama 4 jam dipilih
untuk mengkarakterisasi aktivitas antioksidan dan senyawa bioaktif. Hidrolisis
menggunakan enzim papain 5% menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan DPPH, ABTS
dan reducing power tertinggi dengan nilai masing-masing IC50 0,965 mg/mL, 0,495
mg/mL dan absorbansi 0,415 nm. HPI memiliki berat molekul 10,15-48,50 kDa dan
gugus fungsi yang terdeteksi adalah amida A, B, I, II dan III. Asam amino dari
glisina, prolina dan arginina menjadi asam amino yang dominan. Berdasarkan
keragaman senyawa biopeptida terdeteksi beberapa kandidat fungsi biologis
sebagai antidiabetes, ACE inhibitor, antimikroba dan antioksidan The tuna filet industry produces a by-product in the form of skin which is abundant with high protein content, which has the potential to be used as a protein hydrolysate product for a source of bioactive components. Various explorations of bioactive peptides from fish skin are generally in the form of protein hydrolysates from gelatin and collagen. Fish protein hydrolysate (HPI) directly from tuna skin has potential as an antioxidant and has various bioactive compounds. This study aims to obtain the best treatment for the defatting process, evaluate the effect of enzyme concentration and hydrolysis time on the attribute degree of hydrolyzate (DH) and assess antioxidant activity and identify various potential bioactive compounds. The research was conducted in two stages: the first stage was the defatting process using NaHCO3 with different concentrations and soaking time with the best treatment based on reduced fat content. The second stage was producing tuna skin hydrolyzate with different concentrations of papain enzymes and different hydrolysis times. The best treatment based on the DH; antioxidant activity: 2.2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, 2,2'-azino-biz ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonic acid (ABTS) method and reducing power; molecular weight and functional groups, treatment. The best FPH was analyzed the amino acid composition using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and analysis of the potential of bioactive peptides by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results showed that the removal of fat using 0.50% NaHCO3 for 30 minutes yielded the highest value 80.53% in reducing fat content. Using papain enzyme gave significant effect on DH of FPH, with value 29.72-67.64%. Therefore, FPH obtained from different concentrations for 4 hours was chosen to characterize antioxidant activity and bioactive compound. Hydrolysis using 5% of enzyme papain showed the highest antioxidant activity of DPPH, ABTS and reducing power with values 0.965 mg/mL, 0.495 mg/mL and 0.415 absorbance, respectively. FPH possesses molecular weight of 10.15-48.50 kDa and functional groups detected were amides A, B, I, II and III. Glycine, proline and arginine became amino acid dominant of FPH. Based on biopeptide compounds diversity, several candidates on biological function were detected, namely antidiabetics, ACE inhibitors, antimicrobials and antioxidants. |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/116719 |
Appears in Collections: | MT - Fisheries |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
C3501202015_Sitti Hardiyanti Rachman .pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 2.03 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Cover_lembar Pengesahan_Prakata_Daftar Isi Sitti Hardiyanti Rachman (C3501202015).pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 612.32 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Lampiran_Sitti Hardiyanti Rachman (C3501202015).pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 964.57 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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