Dampak Reklamasi terhadap Struktur Sosial, Strategi Nafkah, dan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Studi Kasus: Komunitas Nelayan di Kampung Nelayan Cilincing, Jakarta Utara)

Abstract

Reklamasi dapat menjadi salah satu sumber perubahan sosial yang terjadi pada komunitas nelayan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak reklamasi terhadap struktrur sosial, strategi nafkah, dan tingkat kesejahteraan komunitas nelayan di Kampung Nelayan Cilincing, Jakarta Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan mixed method dengan metode kuantitatif yang didukung oleh deskriptif kualitatif. Data kuantitatif didapatkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kemudian diolah menggunakan uji beda Paired- Sample T-test dan Wilcoxon Signed Ranked Test. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam bersama informan untuk melengkapi data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses sosial, jarak melaut, biaya operasional, lama melaut, pendapatan dari hasil tangkap, hasil tangkapan ikan, dan akses fasilitas kesehatan mengalami perubahan antara sebelum dan sesudah reklamasi. Akan tetapi, struktur sosial, frekuensi melaut, akses fasilitas pendidikan, serta kualitas tempat tinggal tidak mengalami perubahan antara sebelum dan sesudah reklamasi.

Reclamation can be a source of social change that occurs in fishing communities. This study aims to analyze the impact of reclamation on social structure, livelihood strategies, and the level of welfare of the fishing community in Kampung Nelayan Cilincing, North Jakarta. The research method used is a mixed method approach with quantitative methods supported by qualitative descriptive. Quantitative data were obtained by distributing questionnaires and then processed using the Paired-Sample T-test and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranked Test. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with informants to complement the quantitative data. The results showed that social processes, distance to sea, operational costs, length of time at sea, income from fishing, the amount of fish caught and access to health facilities underwent changes between before and after reclamation. While the social structure, frequency of going to sea, access to educational facilities, and quality of residence did not change between before and after reclamation.