Pemetaan Sebaran Mangrove Di Pantai Lontar, Provinsi Banten

Abstract

Terancamnya keberadaan mangrove akibat tingginya tingkat abrasi di Pantai Lontar, Kecamatan Tirtayasa, Serang, Banten memerlukan pemantauan secara berkala agar tidak terjadi degradasi terhadap keberadaan ekosistem mangrove disana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran kerapatan serta luasan mangrove di Pantai Lontar menggunakan Citra Sentinel-2A. Algoritma indeks kerusakan mangrove (IM) dan mangrove vegetation index (MVI) digunakan untuk membedakan antara vegetasi mangrove dan bukan mangrove, sedangkan algoritma normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) digunakan untuk memetakan sebaran kerapatan mangrove. Klasifikasi yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan maximum likelihood menghasilkan 3 kelas kerapatan yaitu rapat (13,16 ha), sedang (8,69 ha), dan jarang (7,51 ha), dengan dominansi kelas rapat pada wilayah kajian. Luas total mangrove di Pantai Lontar pada tahun 2022 sebesar 29,41 ha. Uji akurasi menggunakan confusion matrix terhadap kerapatan mangrove menghasilkan akurasi sebesar 93,33% dengan koefisien kappa sebesar 0,900. Uji korelasi persentase tutupan kanopi mangrove antara nilai NDVI dan data lapang menghasilkan koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,90 serta koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,81.

The threat to the existence of mangroves due to the high level of abrasion on Lontar Beach, Tirtayasa District, Serang, Banten requires regular monitoring so that there is no degradation of the existence of the mangrove ecosystem. This study aimed to map the distribution of mangrove density and area on Lontar Beach using Sentinel-2A Imagery. The mangrove damage index (IM) and mangrove vegetation index (MVI) algorithms are used to distinguish between mangrove and non-mangrove vegetation, while the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) algorithm is used to map the distribution of mangrove density. Classification carried out using maximum likelihood resulted in 3 density classes, namely dense (13,16 ha), medium (8,69 ha), and rare (7,51 ha), with the dominance of dense classes in the study area. The total area of mangroves in Lontar Beach in 2022 is 29.41 ha. The accuracy test using the confusion matrix on mangrove density resulted in an accuracy of 93.33% with a kappa coefficient of 0.900. A Correlation test of the percentage of mangrove canopy cover between NDVI values and field data resulted in a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.90 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.81.