Sifat Kimia dan Fisik Defatted Maggot Hasil Ekstraksi Kimia

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kualitas kimia dan fisik dari maggot hasil ekstraksi dengan rasio pelarut yang berbeda sebagai bahan pakan alternatif sumber protein. Rancangan acak lengkap digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 = maggot kontrol tanpa perlakuan, P1 = maggot + larutan heksan 1:5 kg L-1, P2 = maggot + larutan heksan 1:7 kg L-1, P3 = maggot + larutan heksan 1:9 kg L-1. Parameter yang diukur pada uji fisik meliputi: warna, tekstur, bau, berat jenis, kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan, kelarutan dan pH. Parameter yang diukur pada uji kimia meliputi: kadar air, kadar abu, serat kasar, lemak kasar dan protein kasar. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan jika terdapat perbedaan nyata. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan (P<0.05) pada uji kadar abu, protein kasar, lemak kasar, kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan dan pH, serta tidak signifikan (P>0.05) pada uji berat jenis dan kelarutan. Disimpulkan bahwa proses defatted maggot menyebabkan penurunan bobot rendemen, namun meningkatkan kualitas kimia dan fisik pada maggot. Proses defatted pada P1 paling efisien menghasilkan rendemen serta meningkatkan kadar nutrien pada maggot. Proses defatted juga mampu merubah karakteristik dan sifat fisik maggot pada kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan dan pH.

This study aims to evaluate the chemical and physical quality of maggot extracted with different solvent ratios as an alternative feed ingredient for protein sources. Completely randomized design was used in this study with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of P0 = control maggot without treatment, P1 = maggot + hexane solution 1:5 kg L-1, P2 = maggot + hexane solution 1:7 kg L-1, P3 = maggot + hexane solution 1:9 kg L-1. Parameters measured in the physical test include: color, texture, odor, true density, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, solubility and pH. Parameters measured in the chemical test include: ash content, crude fiber, crude fat and crude protein. The data obtained were analyzed for variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's test if there was a significant difference. This study showed significant results (P<0.05) on the test of ash content, crude protein, crude fat, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose and pH, and not significant (P>0.05) on true density and solubility tests. The defatted maggot process causes a decrease in yield weight, but increases the chemical and physical quality of the maggot. It is concluded that the defffated process in P1 is the most efficient in producing yields and increasing nutrient levels in maggot. The defffated process is also able to change the characteristics and physical properties of the maggot on the bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose and pH.