Analisis Tata Niaga Susu Sapi di Kawasan Cijeruk Kabupaten Bogor dan Pondok Rangon Jakarta Timur

Abstract

Pengembangan subsektor peternakan khususnya ternak perah sangat potensial, salah satu ternak perah yang potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah sapi perah. Pengembangan suatu usaha dipengaruhi salah satunya oleh efisiensi tata niaga produknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem tata niaga susu sapi di Cijeruk dan Pondok Rangon yang meliputi saluran tata niaga, fungsi tata niaga, dan struktur pasar . Penentuan sampel peternak dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan melibatkan jumlah masing masing 20 peternak sapi perah yang berada di kawasan Cijeruk dan Pondok Rangon. Lembaga-lembaga tata niaga yang terlibat dan berperan dalam saluran pemasaran susu sapi segar yaitu konsumen, loper dan kelompok pengumpulan susu ditentukan berdasarkan informasi dari peternak sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 4 saluran tata niaga di Kelompok Ternak Mandiri Sejahtera, dan terdapat 3 saluran tata niaga di Kelompok Tani Swadaya Pondok Rangon. Peternak yang ada di Kelompok Ternak Mandiri Sejahtera dominan memasarkan susu melalui kelompok, sedangkan peternak yang ada di Kelompok Tani Ternak Swadaya Pondok Rangon dominan memasarkan susu melalui loper. Saluran tata niaga paling efesien adalah saluran yang memiliki biaya pemasaran sebesar Rp.0 dengan hasil farmer,’s share 100% yaitu peternak menjual susu segar langsung ke konsumen (jalur tata niaga terpendek).

The development of the livestock sub-sector, especially dairy cattle, is very potential, one of the dairy cattle that has the potential to be developed is dairy cattle. The development of a business is influenced by the efficiency of its product trading system. This study aims to analyze the trading system of cow's milk in Cijeruk and Pondok Rangon which includes the trading system, the function of the trade system, and the market structure. The determination of the farmer sample was carried out by purposive sampling technique involving the number of each of 20 dairy farmers in the Cijeruk and Pondok Rangon areas. The trading institutions that are involved and play a role in the marketing channel of fresh cow's milk, namely consumers, deliverymen and milk collection groups are determined based on information from sample farmers. Based on the results of the study, there are 4 channels of trade in the Independent Prosperous Livestock Group, and there are 3 channels of trade in the Independent Farmer Group of Pondok Rangon. Farmers in the Independent Sejahtera Livestock Group dominantly market milk through groups, while farmers in the Pondok Rangon Self-Help Cattle Farmers Group market milk through deliverymen. The most efficient trading channel is a channel that has a marketing cost of Rp. 0 with a farmer's share of 100%, that is, farmers sell fresh milk directly to consumers (shortest trade route).