Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/114000
Title: Karakterisasi ketahanan plasma nutfah sorgum terhadap penyakit
Other Titles: Characterization of Sorghum Germplasm Resistance to Disease
Authors: Wirnas, Desta
Trikoesoemaningtyas, Trikoesoemaningtyas
Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih
Dinanty, Fawwaz
Issue Date: 2022
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) merupakan salah satu sumber karbohidrat alternatif di Indonesia. Tanaman sorgum memiliki keunggulan dalam daya adaptasi yang luas dan tahan cekaman kekeringan. Biji sorgum mengandung gizi yang tinggi dengan kandungan unsur pangan fungsional seperti antioksidan, zat besi dan vitamin B sehingga sorgum baik dijadikan sebagai sumber karbohidrat sehat untuk diversifikasi bahan pangan. Penyakit merupakan kendala dalam budidaya sorgum dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit karat merupakan syarat pelepasan varietas sorgum. Skrining plasma nutfah terhadap penyakit penting diperhatikan untuk pengembangan varietas sorgum yang tahan penyakit. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua percobaan. Percobaan pertama bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai karakter morfologi, agronomi dan tingkat ketahanan terhadap penyakit bercak ter, antraknosa dan karat daun. Percobaan kedua bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai gen ketahan terhadap karat daun menggunakan primer spesifik. Percobaan pertama dan kedua menggunakan 48 genotipe koleksi Bank Gen Pertanian Indonesia di Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian (BB Biogen) Kementerian Pertanian dan tujuh pembanding yang terdiri atas empat varietas nasional dan tiga genotipe hasil pemuliaan IPB. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari Januari hingga Agustus 2021. Percobaan pertama dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura (AGH) IPB, identifikasi patogen karat daun di Klinik Tanaman Departemen Proteksi Tanaman (PTN) IPB, dan perhitungan stomata di laboratorium Mikroteknik AGH IPB. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Perbesaran (Augmented). Penelitian ini menggunakan Spreader Row (SR) sebagai sumber inokulum alami penyakit karat daun, antraknosa dan bercak ter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan panjang malai berkorelasi positif secara nyata terhadap tingkat keparahan penyakit. Genotipe sorgum rentan terhadap bercak ter dan moderat terhadap antraknosa serta tahan terhadap karat daun. Percobaan kedua dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler BB Biogen. Penelitian diawali dengan penelusuran gen ketahanan karat daun. Kandidat gen yang diidentifikasi adalah gen Rp1D yang berasal dari jagung dan gen Lr34 dari gandum. Primer untuk mengidentifikasi gen Rp1D adalah primer yang studi pustaka. Identifikasi gen Lr34 menggunakan primer yang dirancang menggunakan informasi dari NCBI. Total primer yang digunakan ada tiga yaitu Rp1D, Lr34 like 2 dan Lr34 like 2. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa genotipe sorgum menunjukkan satu pita yang sama (monomorfik) di setiap primer yang digunakan.
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is one of the alternative sources of carbohydrates found in Indonesia. The sorghum plant has wide adaptability and drought resistance advantages. Sorghum grains contain high nutrients, with antioxidants, iron, and vitamin B that makes sorghum a healthy source of carbohydrates in food diversification. Plant disease is a constraint in sorghum cultivation, and resistance to rust disease is a requirement for the release of sorghum varieties. Therefore, germplasm screening for disease resistance is important for the development of disease resistant varieties of sorghum. This study consisted of two experiments. The first study aimed to obtain information on morphological and agronomic characters and resistance to tar spot, anthracnose. The second study aimed to obtain information on the gene for resistance to leaf rust using specific primers. Both studies used 48 genotypes from the Indonesian Agriculture Gene Bank collection at the Center for Research and Development of Biotechnology and Agricultural Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (ICABIOGRAD) and seven genotypes as comparison consisting of four national varieties and three genotypes from IPB breeding program. The experiments were carried out from January 2021 to August 2021. The first part of this study was conducted at the Cikarawang Experimental Field Station, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University. Leaf rust pathogens identification was carried out at the Plant Clinic of the Department of Plant Protection (PTN) IPB University, and stomata density was at the Micro technic Laboratory of AGH IPB. This experiment was arranged with Augmented Design. This study used Spreader Row (SR) as a source of natural inoculum for leaf rust, anthracnose, and tar spot. The results showed that the character of plant height, number of leaves, and panicle length had a significant correlation with disease severity. The sorghum genotypes were susceptible to tar spots and moderate to anthracnose resistant to leaf rust. The second part of this study was conducted at the Molecular Biology Laboratory of ICABIOGRAD. The first step in this study began with the search for leaf rust resistance genes, and the candidate genes identified were the Rp1D gene from maize and the Lr34 gene from wheat. Three total primers were used, namely Rp1D, Lr34 like 1 and Lr34 like 2. Identification of the Rp1D gene primers that were used in previous studies. Identification of the Lr34 gene using primers designed using information from NCBI. The results showed that the sorghum genotypes showed have the same band (monomorphic) for each primer used.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/114000
Appears in Collections:MT - Agriculture

Files in This Item:
File Description SizeFormat 
A253190121_Fawwaz Dinanty-Cover.pdf
  Restricted Access
Cover1.54 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
A253190121_Fawwaz Dinanty.pdf
  Restricted Access
Fullteks4.77 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
A253190121_Fawwaz Dinanty-Lampiran.pdf
  Restricted Access
Lampiran538.25 kBAdobe PDFView/Open


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.