Aktivitas Antibakteri Aktinomiset Asal Spons terhadap Escherichia coli Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)

Abstract

World Health Organization melaporkan bahwa Escherichia coli telah banyak yang resisten terhadap antibiotik β-laktam, sehingga perlu adanya eksplorasi antibiotik baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aktivitas antibakteri aktinomiset asal spons terhadap E. coli Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL). Penapisan aktivitas antibakteri dari supernatan aktinomiset asal spons dilakukan terhadap E. coli ESBL. Terdapat 7 dari 10 isolat aktinomiset memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli ESBL dengan diameter zona hambat berkisar 1-7 mm. Tiga isolat dengan diameter yang tinggi dengan kode isolat Car21t, Crc27t dan Dbi28t selanjutnya diekstraksi dengan etil asetat dan dilakukan uji antibakteri terhadap E. coli ESBL. Ekstrak etil asetat isolat aktinomiset Car21t, Crc27t dan Dbi28t menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli ESBL pada berbagai konsentrasi yang diujikan sampai 1000 ppm dengan diameter zona hambat berkisar 0.15-2 mm. Konsentrasi hambat minimum ketiga isolat terhadap E. coli ESBL, yaitu konsentrasi 250 ppm untuk Car21t dan Crc27t serta 500 ppm untuk Dbi28t. Aktinomiset asal spons memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli ESBL karena diduga adanya senyawa antibakteri seperti β-laktamase inhibitor yang dihasilkan aktinomiset dapat menghambat enzim β-laktamase yang diproduksi E. coli ESBL.

The World Health Organization reported that Escherichia coli has been heavily resistant to antibiotics β-lactam, so there is a need for exploration of new antibiotics. This study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of actinomycetes from sponges against E. coli Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL). Antibacterial activity of the actinomycetes supernatant was assayed against E. coli ESBL. As many as 7 of 10 of isolates had antibacterial activity against E. coli ESBL with an inhibitory zone diameter 1-7 mm. Three isolates of high diameter with the isolate codes Car21t, Crc27t and Dbi28t were further extracted with ethyl acetate and their antibacterial activity tested against E. coli ESBL. Ethyl acetate extract of isolates actinomycetes Car21t, Crc27t and Dbi28t showed antibacterial activity against E. coli ESBL at various concentrations tested up to 1000 ppm with inhibitory zone diameters ranging from 0.15-2 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the three isolates inhibited E. coli ESBL, i.e. concentration of 250 ppm for both Car21t and Crc27t, and 500 ppm for Dbi28t. Actinomycetes from sponges have antibacterial activity against E. coli ESBL presumably due to antibacterial compounds such as β-lactamase inhibitors produced by actinomycetes, which may inhibit the enzyme β-lactamase produced by E. coli ESBL.