Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kembang Telang (Clitoria ternatea) terhadap Efektivitas Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) dan Cekaman Masam melalui Teknik Kultur Jaringan

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan dosis BAP yang terbaik dan menganalisis tingkat toleransi masam pada tanaman kembang telang (Clitoria ternatea) terhadap cekaman masam dengan level yang berbeda melalui teknik kultur jaringan. Penelitian ini didesain menjadi 2 penelitian. Penelitian 1: Dosis terbaik BAP pada tanaman kembang telang, II: Respon tanaman kembang telang berdasarkan cekaman masam. Penelitian I didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan penambahan dosis BAP yang berbeda dengan ulangan yang tidak sama, terdiri dari (P0 (0 ppm BAP), P1 (0,5 ppm), P2 (1 ppm), P3 (1,5 ppm), dan P4 (2 ppm). Penelitian II didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan penambahan level AlCl3 yang berbeda dengan ulangan tidak sama, terdiri dari (P0 (0 ppm AlCl3), P1 (100 ppm AlCl3), P2 (200 ppm AlCl3), P3 (300 ppm AlCl3), P4 (400 ppm AlCl3), dan P5 (500 ppm AlCl3)). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis varian (ANOVA), jika ada signifikansi akan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan. Peubah yang diamati adalah pertambahan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah ranting, jumlah anakan, kelayuan daun, penyusutan media, pertambahan bobot tanaman, warna daun, dan perubahan pH media. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian dosis BAP 0,5 ppm berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan bobot tanaman. Level dosis pemberian BAP terbaik pada tanaman kembang telang adalah level 0,5 ppm. penambahan AlCl3 dengan level lebih dari 300 ppm berpengaruh nyata menurunkan pertumbuhan tanaman kembang telang terhadap pertambahan tinggi tanaman, perubahan pH media, jumlah ranting, jumlah anakan, kelayuan daun, bobot tanaman dan susut media, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun. Tingkat toleransi tanaman kembang telang terhadap cekaman masam adalah level ≤ 300 ppm (pH 3,73).

This study was conducted to get the best dose of Bap and to analized the level of tolerance butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) plants to stress acidity at different levels through tissue culture technique. The study was designed as 2 studies. Research I: the best BAP dose of the butterfly pea plant, II: response of butterfly pea plant based on acidity stress. Research I was designed used a complete randomized design with the the different level BAP addition with the different number of replications (P0 (0 ppm BAP), P1 (0,5 ppm), P2 (1 ppm), P3 (1,5 ppm), dan P4 (2 ppm). Research II was designed used a complete randomized design with 6 treatments with the different level of AlCl3 addition with the different number of replications (P0 (0 ppm AlCl3), P1 (100 ppm AlCl3), P2 (200 ppm AlCl3), P3 (300 ppm AlCl3), P4 (400 ppm AlCl3), dan P5 (500 ppm AlCl3)). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and if there was significant difference, data were further analyzed using Duncan’s multiple range test. The variables observed were plant height increasing, number of leaves, number of branches, number of shoots multiplication, percentage of leaf withering, media depreciation, increased of plant weight, leaf color, and acidity media changes. The results showed that adding the dose level of 0,5 ppm BAP had a significant effect of increased plant height and plant weight. The effective level of adding BAP to butterfly pea plant is level 0,5 ppm. The addition of AlCl3 with a level more than 300 ppm had a significant effect on decreased the growth of butterfly pea plant on plant height increasing, acidity media changes, number of branches, number of shoots multiplication, percentage of leaf withering, increased of plant weight, and media depreciation. The tolerance level of butterfly pea to stress acidity is ≤ 300 ppm (pH 3,73).