Penilaian Risiko Musculoskeletal Disorders dan Rekomendasi Beban Kerja dengan Pendekatan Biomekanik pada Pengumpulan Kopal di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat

Abstract

Pengumpulan kopal merupakan salah satu kegiatan pemanfaatan hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) yang berisiko menimbulkan gangguan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3). Kegiatan pengumpulan kopal mencakup berbagai kegiatan manual material handling (MMH) yang dapat menimbulkan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Keluhan rasa sakit pada bagian tubuh pekerja dari yang paling terdampak, yaitu punggung, pergelangan tangan kanan, pinggul, bahu kanan, bahu kiri, dan pergelangan tangan kiri. Postur tubuh pekerja dianalisis dengan Range of Motion (ROM), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis biomekanik menggunakan software 3 Dimension Static Strength Prediction Progam (3DSSPP). Analisis biomekanik menyajikan hasil compression force dan shear force pada lumbar ke-5 sacrum ke-1 (L5/S1), strength percent capable, dan standing balance. Postur kerja yang memiliki compression force >3400 N yaitu postur jongkok dan berdiri membungkuk pada elemen kerja mengangkat getah. Hasil Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) diperoleh sebesar 7,72 kg dan Lifting Index (LI) sebesar 2,59, yang artinya termasuk pekerjaan berisiko sedang.

Copal colleting is one of the non-timber forest product (NTFP) utilization activities that has the risk of causing occupational safety and health (OSH) disturbances. Collecting copal include various manual material handling (MMH) activities that can cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Pain complaints against the body parts of the worker from the most affected such as the back, right wrist, hip, right shoulder, left shoulder, and left wrist. The body posture is analyzed with Range of Motion (ROM), then followed by biomechanical analysis with 3 Dimension Static Strength Prediction Progam (3DSSPP) software. The biomechanical analysis presents the results in compression force and shear force at 5th lumbar, 1st sacrum (L5/S1), strength percent capable, and standing balance. The working posture that has the highest compression force >3400 N is the squatting dan standing bent posture on the work element lifting latex. The Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) obtained 7.72 kg and the Lifting Index (LI) is 2.59, which means it is classified as a medium-risk job.