Analisis Kemometrik Asal Tanaman dan Indeks Polaritas terhadap Total Fenolik, Flavonoid, serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Ungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.)

Abstract

Daun ungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.) adalah tumbuhan obat dari Papua Nugini dan Polinesia yang kemudian menyebar ke Indonesia. Asal tanaman, indeks polaritas pelarut, serta total fenolik dan flavonoid diduga memiliki korelasi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan daun ungu. Penelitian dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh asal tanaman, indeks polaritas pelarut, serta total fenolik dan flavonoid terhadap aktivitas antioksidan (DPPH) daun ungu menggunakan analisis PCA. Korelasi rendemen ekstrak daun ungu menghasilkan nilai korelasi Pearson sebesar 0.857 dan nilai p sebesar 0.063 serta nilai korelasi Spearman sebesar 0.872 dan nilai p sebesar 0.054. Dalam komparasi kandungan fitokimia daun ungu, sampel daun ungu asal Thailand tidak memiliki kandungan alkaloid dan glikosida. Berdasarkan kandungan fenolik, flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidannya, sampel daun ungu asal Indonesia dan Thailand terbagi menjadi dua jenis yang berbeda.

Caricature Plant (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.) is a medicinal plant from Papua New Guinea and Polynesia which later spread to Indonesia. Plant origin, solvent polarity index, and total phenolics and flavonoids are thought to have a correlation to the antioxidant activity of purple leaves. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of plant origin, solvent polarity index, and total phenolic and flavonoid on the antioxidant activity (DPPH) of caricature plant using PCA analysis. The yield correlation of purple leaf extract resulted in a Pearson correlation value of 0.857 and a p-value of 0.063 and a Spearman correlation value of 0.872 and a p-value of 0.054. In comparison to the phytochemical content of caricature plants, caricature plant samples from Thailand did not contain alkaloids and glycosides. Based on the phenolic content, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity, caricature plant samples from Indonesia and Thailand were divided into two different types.