Uji Daya Aklimatisasi Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) pada Umur Planlet, Aplikasi Konsentrasi Paklobutrazol dan Growmore Berbeda

Abstract

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni dikenal sebagai tanaman pemanis yang dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif untuk menggantikan konsumsi gula bagi penderita diabetes. Diperlukan proses adaptasi lapang pada stevia yang telah ditanam secara in vitro, yaitu aklimatisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari daya hidup planlet Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni pada beberapa umur sumber planlet in vitro serta kombinasi konsentrasi paklobutrazol dan growmore yang berbeda. Aklimatisasi dilakukan dengan aplikasi paklobutrazol sebanyak tiga taraf konsentrasi, yaitu 0 mg L-1, 1 mg L-1, 2 mg L-1, dan Growmore dengan tiga taraf konsenstrasi yaitu 0 g L-1, 0,5 g L-1, 1 g L-1. Terdapat tiga perlakuan umur sumber planlet yaitu 1, 3, dan 5 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh perlakuan interaksi paklobutrazol dan Growmore berpengaruh sangat nyata pada 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 dan 8 MSA dan berpengaruh nyata pada 4 MSA terhadap persentase daya hidup stevia. Interaksi kombinasi perlakuan paklobutrazol dan Growmore dengan umur sumber planlet terhadap jumlah daun berpengaruh sangat nyata pada 1, 2, 3, 6, dan 8 MSA dan berpengaruh nyata pada 4 dan 5 MSA. Perlakuan yang menghasilkan persentase hidup terbaik saat aklimatisasi terdapat pada sumber eksplan berumur 5 bulan yakni 100 % dengan kombinasi paklobutrazol konsentrasi 1 mg L-1 dan growmore konsentrasi 1 g L-1. Hasil perlakuan kombinasi paklobutrazol dan growmore tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah daun pada 1,2,3,6, dan 8 MSA. Perlakuan umur sumber planlet berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap persentase hidup planlet stevia pada 1-4 MSA dan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 1 hingga 8 MSA.

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is known as a sweetener plant that is used as an alternative to replace sugar consumption for diabetics. A field adaptation process for stevia that has been grown in vitro is required, namely acclimatization. This study aimed to study the viability of the plantlet Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni at several ages of explant sources in vitro and the combination of different concentrations of paklobutrazole and growmore. Acclimatization was carried out with the application of three concentration levels of paklobutrazole, that is 0 mg L-1, 1 mg L-1, 2 mg L-1, and Growmore with three levels of concentration, that is 0 g L-1, 0.5 g L-1, 1 g L-1. There were three treatments of plantlet source age, that is 1, 3, and 5 months. The results showed that the interaction treatment of paklobutrazole and Growmore had a very significant effect on 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 Week After Aclimatization and a significant effect on 4 Week After Aclimatization on the percentage of viability of stevia. The interaction of the combination treatment of paklobutrazole and Growmore with the age of the plantlet source on the number of leaves had a very significant effect on 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 Week After Aclimatization and significantly affected 4 and 5 Week After Aclimatization. The treatment that produced the best percentage of survival until 100% during acclimatization was found in explant sources aged 5 months, with a combination of 1 mg L-1 concentration of paklobutrazole and 1 g L-1 concentration of growmore. The results of the combination treatment of paklobutrazole and growmore had no significant effect on plant height and very significant effect on the number of leaves at 1,2,3,6, and 8 MSA. The treatment of plantlet source age had a very significant effect on the percentage of live plantlets of stevia at 1-4 MSA and had a very significant effect on plant height from 1 to 8 MSA.