Penentuan Status Kualitas Air Berdasarkan Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobentos di Sungai Cihideung, Bogor, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Aktivitas manusia di sekitar sungai menghasilkan limbah yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi kualitas air sungai. Penilaian kualitas air sungai dapat dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan biologi, salah satunya adalah makrozoobentos. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status kualitas air Sungai Cihideung berdasarkan struktur komunitas makrozoobentos menggunakan Lincoln Quality Index (LQI) dan Stream Invertebrate Grade Number Average Level 2 (SIGNAL 2). Penelitian dilakukan di Sungai Cihideung, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat yang terdiri dari empat stasiun pengamatan. Stasiun 1 hingga Stasiun 4 berada di kawasan tengah hingga hilir sungai. Struktur komunitas makrozoobentos dianalisis menggunakan indeks diversitas, yaitu indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dan dominansi. Penentuan kualitas perairan dilakukan menggunakan indeks biologi, yaitu LQI dan SIGNAL 2. Makrozoobentos yang ditemukan di Sungai Cihideung adalah 51 genus, 38 famili, dan 18 ordo yang didominasi oleh Ordo Ephemeroptera dan Trichoptera. Indeks keanekaragaman dan dominansi makrozoobentos di Sungai Cihideung termasuk ke dalam kategori rendah. Berdasarkan indeks LQI dan SIGNAL 2, kualitas air di Sungai Cihideung tergolong ke dalam kategori baik.

Human activities around rivers produce waste that can affect river water quality. Assessment of river water quality can be done using a biological indices based on macrozoobenthos. This study aimed to determine the water quality status of the Cihideung River based on the macrozoobenthos community structure using the Lincoln Quality Index (LQI) and Stream Invertebrate Grade Number Average Level 2 (SIGNAL 2). The study was conducted in Cihideung River, Bogor Regency, West Java with four observation sites located in the middle to downstream areas of the river. The macrozoobenthos community structure was analyzed using Shannon diversity, Evenness, and Dominance indices. Water quality was determined by biological indices, namely LQI and SIGNAL 2. The macrozoobenthos found in the Cihideung River were 51 genera, 38 families, and 18 orders, dominated by Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera. The index of diversity and dominance of macrozoobenthos in the Cihideung River is in the low. Based on the LQI and SIGNAL 2 indices, the water quality in the Cihideung River is in the excellent category