Metode Induksi Pembentukan Embrio Somatik dari Kotiledon dan Regenerasi Plantlet Kedelai Secara In Vitro

Abstract

The objectives of this experiment were to obtain suitable medium for inducing primary and secondary somatic embryos of soybean, to evaluate embryogenetic response of 14 soybean genotypes (Dieng, Kerinci, Kipas Putih, Pangrango, Tambora, Tidar, B3628, B3639, B3731, MLG2805, MLG2999, MLG3072, MSC8606, and MSC9019) and to determine the frequency of somatic embryos convertion into soybean plantlets. Primary SE was induced from cotyledon of immature embryos while secondary SE was induced from primary SE, respectively, on modified MS medium containing 2,4-D and NAA. Maturation of SE was done on MS medium containing 1 g/l activated charcoal and germination of SE was conducted on MS medium containing GA3 and BAP. The results showed primary SE induction from at least 13 soybean genotypes can be done by culturing soybean cotyledon on medium containing a combination of 10 ppm 2,4-D and 10 ppm NAA. On the other hand, primary SE induction from cotyledons of soybean cv. Pangrango can be done effectively on medium with 10 ppm NAA. For continuous SE induction, however, primary SE were initiated from cotyledons of soybean on medium containing 40 ppm 2,4- D followed by culturing primary SE on induction medium containing a combination of 10 ppm 2,4-D and 10 ppm NAA. Soybean plantlets were regenerated by culturing SE on maturation medium containing 1 g/l activated charcoal for one month followed by germinating matured SE on germination medium containing a combination of 2 ppm GA3 and 2 ppm BAP for one week. Using those procedures induction of primary and secondary SE and regeneration of plantlet derived from three soybean genotypes (B3731, MSC8606, and Tidar) were obtained.