Penampilan Reproduksi dan Produksi Kerbau Betina di Kecamatan Sipirok Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan

Abstract

Ternak kerbau yang ada di Indonesia sebagian besar merupakan kerbau rawa. Sipirok merupakan salah satu kecamatan di kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Sumatera Utara yang memiliki populasi kerbau lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja produksi dan reproduksi kerbau betina di Kecamatan Sipirok Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan ternak sebanyak 11 ekor betina. Peubah yang diamati meliputi morfometri, calving interval, sex ratio,persentase kematian, persentase kelahiran, body condition score. Pengukuran morfometri meliputi pengukuran Tinggi Badan (TB), Panjang Badan (PB), Lingkar Dada (LiD), Dalam Dada (DD), Lebar Dada (LD), Tinggi Pinggul (TP), Lebar Pinggul (LP). Penentuan BCS dilakukan dengan metode palpasi ternak. Performa produksi ternak kerbau diperoleh nilai BCS ternak kerbau Desa Silangge sebesar 2,9 ± 0,3, Desa Baringin sebesar 3,4 ± 0,2 dan Desa Muara sebesar 3,3 ± 0,2. Bobot hidup tertinggi diperoleh dengan nilai sebesar 444,3 ± 47,8 kg pada ternak kerbau yang dipelihara di Desa Baringin, sebesar 408.6 ± 36.7 kg Desa Muara dan sebesar 338,9±63,4 kg Desa Silangge. Performa reproduksi kerbau betina di Desa Desa Silange, Desa Baringin, dan Desa Muara pada sifat reproduksi umur pertama birahi diperoleh sebesar 26-27 bulan, umur pertama kawin sebesar 29-31 bulan, umur pertama beranak sebesar 42-43 bulan, selang beranak sebesar 15-16 bulan, persentase kelahiran sebesar 0,15%-0,27%, dan persentase kematian sebesar 0,6%- 0,13%. Peningkatan performa produksi kerbau secara langsung meningkatkan performa reproduksi. Produktivitas kerbau rawa di Kecamatan Sipirok cukup baik ditinjau dari aspek pengukuran morfometri.

The local buffaloes in Indonesia are mostly a swamp type buffalo. Sipirok is one of the districts in South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra which has a number of local buffal. The aims of this study to analyze the production and reproduction performance of female buffalo in Sipirok District, South Tapanuli Regency. This study used 11 female buffaloes. The observed variables included morphometry, calving interval, sex ratio, calving rate, calving interval, mortality rate and body condition score. Morphometric measurements include of Height (TB), Body Length (PB), (LiD) Bust Circumference, Inner Chest (DD), Chest (LD), Hip Height (TP), Hip Width (LP). Determination of BCS of buffalo was carried out by palpation method. The performance of buffalo production through body weight estimation was measured by the average BCS, the BCS value of buffalo in Silangge Village is 2,9±0,3, in Baringin Village is 3,4 ±0,2 and Muara Village is 3,3±0,2. The highest body weight of buffalo was obtained with a value of 444,3 ± 47,8 kg which was kept in Baringin Village, 408,6 ± 36,7 kg in Muara Village and 338,9 ± 63,4 kg in Silangge Village. Reproductive performance of female buffalo in Silange Village, Baringin Village, and Muara Village on the reproductive characteristics of the first estrus age range obtained 26-27 months, first mating age range 29-31 months, first calving age range 42-43 months, calving interval age range 15 -16 month, calving rate range 0.15%-0.27%, and mortality percentage range 0.6%-0.13%. Improved buffalo production performance directly improves reproductive performance. The productivity of swamp bufallo in Sipirok District is quite good from the aspect of morphometric measurements.