Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/110676
Title: Identifikasi Kebutuhan dan Pendistribusian Air Irigasi di Daerah Irigasi Cihea
Other Titles: Identification of Irrigation Water Requirement and Distribution in Cihea Irrigation Area
Authors: Karyati, Nur Etika
Issue Date: 2022
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Daerah Irigasi Cihea merupakan salah satu daerah irigasi tertua di Indonesia yang memiliki luas layanan sebesar 5.484 ha. Kondisi iklim yang tidak menentu di lokasi penelitian menyebabkan distribusi hujan tidak merata dan berpengaruh terhadap ketersediaan air. Debit air di Bendung Cisokan telah mengalami fluktuasi. Pada musim penghujan kondisi debit air berlebih, sedangkan pada musim kemarau menyebabkan sebagian lahan pertanian tidak mendapatkan pasokan air. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengidentifikasi kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air irigasi, (2) Merumuskan alternatif prioritas pendistribusian air irigasi berdasarkan indeks kekeringan, (3) Menilai Indeks Kinerja Sistem Irigasi. Metode yang digunakan untuk menghitung kebutuhan air irigasi adalah metode Kriteria Perencanaan (KP-01 Departemen Pekerjaan Umum 1986), sementara ketersediaan air diperoleh dari debit andalan 80% (Q80). Analisis neraca air lahan dan indeks kekeringan dihitung dengan metode Thohrnwaite Mather (1975) sementara penentuan alternatif lokasi irigasi dianalisis dengan metode Composite Performance Index (CPI). Selanjutnya analisis Indeks Kinerja Sistem Irigasi (IKSI) dianalisis berdasarkan Permen PUPR No.12 Tahun 2015 dan Metode Rachman (2017). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air irigasi selama satu tahun di Daerah Irigasi Cihea sebesar 137.204.480 m3/tahun, sementara ketersediaan air di Bendung Cisokan sebesar 131.617.431 m3/tahun. Berdasarkan nilai tersebut maka terjadi defisit air sebesar 5.587.049 m3/tahun. Defisit air irigasi terutama terjadi pada bulan Juni hingga Oktober. Kondisi ini menyebabkan terjadinya kekeringan sedang di Daerah Irigasi Cihea dengan nilai indeks kekeringan rata-rata sebesar 23,04%. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut maka lokasi lahan pertanian yang diprioritaskan untuk diberikan air irigasi dengan tujuan meningkatkan produktivitas berada di Kecamatan Ciranjang (Desa Cibiuk, Desa Ciranjang, Desa Karangwangi, dan Desa Pasirjengkol) seluas 557,57 ha. Sementara untuk tujuan pemerataan distribusi air irigasi lokasi yang diprioritaskan yaitu lahan pertanian yang berada di Kecamatan Bojongpicung (Desa Cibarengkok, Desa Cikondang, Desa Jati, dan Jatisari) seluas 710,86 ha. Nilai indeks kinerja sistem irigasi hasil perhitungan metode Permen PUPR No.12 Tahun 2015 dan Rachman 2017 menghasilkan nilai indeks kondisi masing-masing sebesar 76,99% dan 73,19%. Keduanya berada pada kriteria kinerja baik, sehingga penanganan yang dilakukan yaitu Kegiatan Operasi dan Pemeliharaan (OP) rutin dan pemeliharaan berkala yang bersifat perawatan. Selain itu juga diperlukan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan ringan.
Cihea Irrigation Area is one of the oldest irrigation areas in Indonesia, with 5.484 ha. Uncertain climatic conditions at the research site cause unequal distribution of rain and affect water availability. The water discharge in the Cisokan Dam has fluctuated. In the rainy season, the water discharge is excessive. In contrast, some agricultural land does not get a water supply in the dry season. Therefore, this study aims to (1) identify the irrigation water requirement and irrigation water availability, (2) Formulate alternative priorities for irrigation water distribution based on the drought index,(3) assess the irrigation system performance index. The method used to calculate irrigation water requirement is KP-01 Ministry of Public Work (1986), while water availability was generated from mainstay discharge (Q80). Land water balance analysis and drought index were calculated using the Thornthwaite Matther method (1975), while the determination of alternative irrigation locations was analyzed using the Composite Performance Index (CPI) method. Furthermore, the Irrigation System Performance Index (IKSI) analysis was determined by referring to the PUPR Ministerial Regulation No.12 of 2015 and the Rachman Method (2017). The analysis results show that the irrigation water requirement in the Cihea Irrigation Area is 137.204.480 m3/year, while the water availability in the Cisokan Dam is 131.617.431 m3/year. Consequently, a water deficit of 5.587.049 m3/year. Irrigation water deficit mainly occurs from June to October. During the dry months, the paddy field in the Cihea Irrigation area faces a water deficit from June to October. This condition causes a moderate drought, indicated by an average drought index value of 23,04%. Based on these conditions, the location of the paddy field that is prioritized to be given irrigation water to increase productivity is located in Ciranjang District (Cibiuk Village, Ciranjang Village, Karangwangi Village, and Pasirjengkol Village), covering the area of 557,57 ha. Meanwhile, for equal distribution of irrigation water, the prioritized locations are agricultural land in Bojongpicung District (Cibarengkok Village, Cikondang Village, Jati Village, and Jatisari), covering an area of 710.86 ha. The irrigation system performance index calculated by the two PUPR Ministerial Regulations No. 12 of 2015 and Rachman 2017 resulted in 76,99% and 73,19%, respectively. Both are included in good criteria, requiring routine operation handling and periodic maintenance. In addition, socialization and counselling are necessary to be applied.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/110676
Appears in Collections:MT - Agriculture

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