Respon hormon TDZ (Thiadiazuron) dan IBA (Indole butyric acid) pada kultur jaringan dan aklimatisasi mutan Leucaena leucocephala toleran asam

Abstract

Penelitian ini didesain menggunakan 3 tahap. Tahap I adalah efektivitas hormon TDZ (Thiadiazuron) pada multiplikasi kultur in vitro terhadap pertumbuhan mutan Leucaena lucochephala varietas tarramba teradaptasi asam, tahap II adalah respon pertumbuhan dan tingkat induksi akar mutan Leucaena leucocephala varietas tarramba terhadap hormon IBA (Indole butyric acid) dan tahap III adalah aklimatisasi dan respon pertumbuhan mutan Leucaena leucocephala varietas tarramba toleran asam. Penelitian tahap I didesain dengan rancangan acak lengap (RAL) dengan eksplan tanaman lamtoro sebanyak 11 galur mutan yaitu galur M1-M11 (mutan+MS+1ppm TDZ) dan 2 lamtoro indukan tanpa penyinaran gamma yaitu K0 (lamtoro indukan+MS+0ppm TDZ), K1 (lamtoro indukan+MS+1 ppm TDZ), masing masing 15 ulangan, Perlakuan yang berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji tukey. Penelitian tahap II didesain dengan rancangan acak lengap (RAL) dengan eksplan tanaman lamtoro sebanyak 11 galur mutan yaitu galur M1-M11 (mutan+MS+1ppm IBA) dan 2 lamtoro indukan tanpa penyinaran gamma yaitu K0 (lamtoro indukan+MS+0ppm IBA), K1 (lamtoro indukan+MS+1 ppm IBA), masing masing 15 ulangan, perlakuan yang berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji tukey. Penelitian tahap III didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 11 galur yaitu M1-M11 (mutan toleran asam hasil kultur jaringan penambahan 1 ppm TDZ dan IBA), dan 2 kontrol (lamtoro indukan tanpa penyinaran gamma) yaitu K0 (lamtoro indukan hasil kultur jaringan penambahan 0 ppm TDZ dan IBA), K1 (lamtoro indukan hasil kultur jaringan penambahan 1 ppm TDZ dan IBA). Hasil penelitian tahap I adalah hormon TDZ konsentrasi 1 ppm memberikan hasil yang optimal terhadap pertumbuhan mutan. Pertambahan tinggi vertikal dan jumlah tunas tanaman menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada galur M9, diameter batang dan jumlah daun majemuk menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada galur M3. Hasil penelitian tahap II adalah hormon IBA konsentrasi 1 ppm memberikan hasil yang optimal terhadap pertumbuhan mutan. Panjang akar tanaman menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada galur mutan M9, tinggi vertikal tanaman menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada galur mutan M3, jumlah tunas menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada galur M9 dan M11 dan persentase tanaman berakar tertinggi pada M3 dan M11. Hasil penelitian tahap III menunjukan bahwa galur mutan M3 dan M9 memberikan respon terbaik. Respon tersebut ditunjukkan dari tingkat viabilitas dan jumlah daun tertinggi pada galur mutan M3, serta pertambahan tinggi vertikal tanaman tertinggi pada galur mutan M3 dan M9.

This research was designed using 3 stages. Phase I is the effectiveness of TDZ (Thiadiazuron) hormone in vitro culture multiplication on the growth of the tarramba variety of Leucaena lucocephala mutant adapted to acid, phase II is the growth response and root induction level of the tarramba mutant Leucaena lucocephala to the hormone IBA (Indole butyric acid) and stage III is acclimatization and growth response of the acid-tolerant Leucaena lucocephala mutant variety tarramba. Phase I research was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with lamtoro plant explants as many as 11 mutant lines, namely the M1-M11 line (mutant+MS+1ppm TDZ) and 2 broodstock lamtoro without gamma irradiation, namely K0 (lamtoro broodstock+MS+0ppm TDZ), K1 (lamtoro broodstock + MS + 1 ppm TDZ), 15 replicates each. The treatment which had a significant effect was continued with the Tukey test. Phase II research was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with lamtoro plant explants as many as 11 mutant lines. Namely, the M1-M11 line (mutant+MS+1ppm IBA) and 2 broodstock lamtoro without gamma irradiation, namely K0 (lamtoro broodstock +MS+0ppm IBA), K1 (lamtoro broodstock + MS + 1 ppm IBA), every 15 replicates, the treatment which has a significant effect are followed by the Tukey test. Phase III research was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 11 strains, namely M1-M11 (an acid-tolerant mutant from tissue culture with the addition of 1 ppm TDZ and IBA), and 2 controls (lamtoro broodstock without gamma irradiation), namely K0 (lamtoro broodstock cultured). Tissue addition of 0 ppm TDZ and IBA), K1 (lamtoro broodstock from tissue culture addition of 1 ppm TDZ and IBA). The results of the first phase of the research showed that the TDZ hormone concentration of 1 ppm gave optimal results for the growth of the mutants. The increase in vertical height and number of plant shoots showed the best results on the M9 line; stem diameter and number of compound leaves showed the best results on the M3 line. The second phase of the study was that the concentration of 1 ppm of IBA hormone gave optimal results for the growth of mutants. Root length showed the best results on the M9 mutant line, and plant vertical height showed the best results on the M3 mutant line, the number of shoots showed the best results on the M9 and M11 lines, and the highest percentage of rooted plants on M3 and M11. The third stage results showed that the M3 and M9 mutant lines gave the best response. The response was indicated by the highest level of viability and number of leaves in the M3 mutant line and the highest increase in plant vertical height in the M3 and M9 mutant lines. Keywords: acclimatization, IBA, Leucaena leucocephala, TDZ, tissue culture.