Dampak Pengoperasian Rumpon Portable terhadap Konflik sosial, Produktivitas dan Komposisi Ukuran Ikan dalam Perikanan Pancing Ulur

Abstract

Pancing ulur merupakan salah satu alat tangkap yang banyak digunakan di Kepulauan Seribu, khususnya di Pulau Panggang. Namun, Ketidaktersediaan informasi daerah penangkapan ikan berakibatkan rendahnya hasil tangkapan pancing ulur. Hal ini dapat berdampak terhadap rendahnya produktivitas tangkapan dan degradasi daerah penangkapan ikan. Penggunaan teknologi rumpon portable diharapkan dapat menciptakan daerah penangkapan ikan dan mengantisipasi timbulnya degradasi daerah penangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi nelayan terhadap penggunaan rumpon portable, menghitung produktivitas dan menganalisis kelayaktangkapan ikan serta menganalisis dampak pengoperasian rumpon portable dalam perikanan pancing ulur. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara dan kegiatan experimental fishing sebanyak 16 trip. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 50% nelayan memiliki persepsi positif, 40% netral dan 10% tidak setuju terhadap penggunaan rumpon portable. Produktivitas pancing ulur di sekitar rumpon portable sebesar 2,018 kg/trip, dan tanpa rumpon 1,841 kg/trip. Hasil tangkapan pancing ulur di sekitar rumpon portable menunjukkan 62,60% layak tangkap dan 37,40% tidak layak tangkap sedangkan tanpa rumpon 58,93% layak tangkap dan 41,07% tidak layak tangkap. Penggunaan rumpon portable memiliki keunggulan diantaranya: produktivitas tangkapan yang banyak, jenis tangkapan beragam, dan komposisi ikan kategori layak tangkap yang banyak. Namun, sebagian besar (60%) nelayan beranggapan bahwa adanya sikap kecemburuan sosial oleh nelayan tanpa rumpon terhadap nelayan pengguna rumpon.

Hand lines is one of the fishing gear that is widely used in the Seribu Islands, especially on Panggang Island. However, the unavailability of information on fishing grounds resulted in low hand line catches. This can have an impact on low catch productivity and degradation of fishing grounds. The use of portable FAD technology is expected to create artificial fishing grounds and anticipate the onset of degradation of fishing grounds. This study aims to identify fishermen’s perceptions of the use of portable FAD, calculate the productivity and analyze sustainability of fish and analyze the impact of operating portable FAD in Hand line fisheries. The research method was conducted with interviews and experimental fishing activities as many as 16 trips. Research shows that 50% of fishermen have a positive perceptions, 40% are neutral and 10% disapprove of the use of portable FAD. The productivity of hand lines around the portable FAD is 2.018 kg/trip, and without portable FAD 1.841 kg/trip. The catches of hand lines around portable FAD showed 62.60% were eligible for capture and 37.40% were not eligible for capture, while without portable FAD 58.93% were eligible for capture and 41.07% were not eligible for capture. The use of portable FAD has advantages includes the productivity of many catches, the type of catch varies, and the composition of fish categories eligible for capture a lot. However, the vast majority (60%) of fishermen think that there is an attitude of social jealousy by fishermen without FAD towards fishermen who use of FAD.