Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109409
Title: Model Dinamis Ketahanan Pangan untuk Mewujudkan Kedaulatan Pangan: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Bantul Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Other Titles: A Dynamic Model for Food Security to Realize Food Sovereignty: Case Study in Bantul Regency of Yogyakarta Special Region
Authors: Noorachmat, Bambang Pramudya
Purwanto, Moh. Yanuar J.
Ayub, Ayub
Issue Date: 2021
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Kenaikan jumlah penduduk seharusnya disertai dengan kenaikan produksi pangan agar ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Bantul dapat terjaga. Ketahanan pangan tidak akan terwujud jika akar permasalahannya belum terselesaikan dengan baik yaitu keterpurukan petani dan alih fungsi lahan pertanian. Oleh karena itu, penting sekali untuk mempertahankan luas lahan pertanian dalam rangka memelihara kemandirian pangan untuk mewujudkan kedaulatan pangan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu memetakan alih fungsi lahan sawah, mencari faktor pendorong alih fungsi lahan sawah, dan merancang model dinamis lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga metode. Pertama, analisis spasial dengan teknik digitasi citra satelit dan tumpang susun peta menggunakan software ArcGIS versi 10.6. Kedua, wawancara kepada petani kemudian hasil wawancara dianalisis menggunakan statistik sederhana. Ketiga, pendekatan dengan sistem dinamik menggunakan program powersim untuk menganalisis sistem dan melihat perilaku model. Tahapan penyelesaian masalah dengan metode pendekatan sistem dimulai dengan analisis kebutuhan, formulasi masalah, identifikasi sistem, pemodelan sistem, validasi model, dan implementasi. Hasil analisis spasial menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Bantul dari tahun 2010–2019 terjadi alih fungsi lahan sawah seluas 639 ha. Lima faktor utama yang mempengarui alih fungsi lahan sawah yaitu tingkat pendidikan, umur petani, kepemilikan lahan, harga lahan, dan jarak sawah ke jalan. Jarak sawah ke jalan dan harga lahan adalah komponen yang saling berhubungan. Sebesar 75% sawah yang teralih fungsi adalah memiliki jarak dengan jalan tidak lebih dari 100 meter. Berdasarkan hasil prediksi, tanpa upaya pengendalian pada tahun 2021 Kabupaten Bantul mengalami minus beras sebesar 1.925 ton. Skenario Moderat dengan kebijakan pengendalian 50% dari laju alih fungsi lahan sawah menyebabkan neraca beras mengalami minus sebesar 1.001 ton. Skenario optimis, pengendalian alih fungsi lahan sawah 50% dari laju alih fungsi dan diversifikasi pangan diperoleh neraca beras dengan surplus sebesar 5.460,24 ton pada tahun 2030. Upaya pengendalian alih fungsi lahan sawah dengan insentif dan disinsentif harus segera diimplementasikan. Konsumsi pangan lokal juga harus dipromosikan agar konsumsi beras menurun dan meningkatkan diversifikasi pangan.
The increased population should be offset by an increased food production thus the region's food security can be maintained. Food security will not be resolved if it does not solve the root of the problem, namely the farmers deterioration and the agricultural land conversion. It is important to maintain the area of agricultural land in order to maintain food independence in order to realize food sovereignty. The main purpose of this study is to mapping the function of rice fields, finding the driving factors for the functioning of rice fields, and designing dynamic models of sustainable food farming. The methods used in achieving these three objectives are as follows: First, spatial analysis with satellite imagery digitization techniques and map stacking to answer the first goal. The software used for spatial analysis is version 10.6 of ArcGIS. Second, interview with farmers and analyzing the interview results using simple statistics. Third, an approach with a dynamic system is used to look for the third goal. The problem-solving stage with a system approach method starts with needs analysis, problem formulation, system identification, system modeling, model validation, and implementation. The Powersim program is used to analyze the system and view model behavior. Spatial analysis shows that Bantul Regency from 2010–2019 has occurred the conversion of rice fields covering an area of 639 ha. Banguntapan Sub-district has the highest rice fields conversion of 124 ha. Whereas Sanden Sub-district has the smallest rice fields conversion of 1 ha. The five main factors that influence the rice fields conversion are the education level, farmers age, land ownership, land price, and rice fields distance to the road. The distance between paddy fields and the road and the price of land are related components. As much as 75% of the rice fields that have been converted have a distance from the road not more than 100 meters. Based on the predicted results, without control efforts in 2021 Bantul Regency experienced minus rice of 1.925 tons. Pessimistic scenario with control policy of 50% of the transfer rate of rice field function caused rice balance sheet to be minus 1.001 tons. Optimistic scenario, control of rice field function 50% of the transfer rate and food diversification obtained rice balance with a surplus of 5.460,24 tons by 2030. Efforts to control the functioning of rice fields with incentives and disincentives must be implemented immediately. Local food consumption should also be promoted in order for rice consumption to decrease and increase food diversification.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109409
Appears in Collections:MT - Multidiciplinary Program

Files in This Item:
File Description SizeFormat 
Cover.pdfCover531.06 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
P052190081_Ayub.pdf
  Restricted Access
Fullteks10.05 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
Lampiran.pdf
  Restricted Access
Lampiran807.21 kBAdobe PDFView/Open


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.