Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Pelawan Dalam Memperbaiki Kinerja Ovarium Dan Involusi Uterus Pascamelahirkan

Abstract

Pelawan leaf extract from Myrtaceae family contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloid, tannin, phenol, and steroid. The objective of the study was to analyze antioxidant activity from ethanol extract and extract fraction of Pelawan leaf. Antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazylhydrate) radical photometric assays in a process guided by the discoloration. Pelawan (Tristaniopsis obovata Benn.) leaf simplicial was macerated with 70% ethanol to obtain ethanol extract, then were partitioned with n-Hexane, ethyl acetone, and water solvents to obtain the fraction of hexane, ethyl acetate, and water extracts. Antioxidant activity of ethanol and fraction of Pelawan extract were analyzed using DPPH method. The results showed that IC50 value of ethanolic Pelawan extract was lower than the other three extract fractions. Among the partitions, ethyl acetate and water fractions had higher antioxidant activity (AA) than hexane fraction. This study showed that ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water fraction extracts have high antioxidant activities as a potential nutrient and treatment material.

Pelawan leaves contain steroids that can affect the female reproductive system. The aim of this study was to examine the effectivity of Pelawan ethyl acetate fraction extract on ovarian physiology of postpartum rat, based on the prediction of the litter size, birth weight, estrogen levels, and ovarian weight. The treatment was divided into the group of maternal rats giving birth once and giving birth twice. Each treatment consisted of control without Pelawan extract, maternal rats administered orally with Pelawan extract at doses of 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 150 mg/kg BW. The results showed that the litter size and birth weight of baby rats born to maternal rats giving birth twice increased in the maternal rats treated with ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 50 mg. The litter size and birth weight of baby rats born to maternal rats giving birth once decreased on maternal rats treated with ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 100 mg. The estrogen concentration levels in all treatments decreased on day 3 and increased on day 5. The estrogen concentration levels in maternal rats treated with ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 100 mg were higher than those in maternal rats treated at doses of 50 mg and 150 mg. The ovarian weight decreased on day 3 and increased on day 5. The ovarian weight of rats giving birth twice treated at a dose of 100 mg increased compared to the other doses. Pelawan extract has bioactive compounds that affect the litter size, birth weight, estrogen levels, and ovarian weight. Allegedly, the antioxidant compounds in the extract affect the performance of growth hormone and growth factors to produce LH and FSH in the pituitary

Ethyl acetate fraction of Pelawan extract has been tested to have steroid content and high antioxidant activity which can be used for treatment. The study examined the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Pelawan extract in physiological repairing of postpartum rat uterus based on the activities of SOD, MDA, the expression of ER α, and Cu, Zn SOD. The treatment was divided into the group of maternal rats giving birth once and giving birth twice. Each treatment consisted of control without Pelawan extract, maternal rats injected with Pelawan extract at doses of 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 150 mg/kg BW. The results of studies on the condition of postpartum uterus after giving birth once and twice experienced a significant change in weight and structure. Treatment of Pelawan extract at a dose of 100 mg further accelerate the reduction in uterine weight and diameter of the uterine endometrium. The SOD and MDA activities were low in maternal rats administered Pelawan extract at doses of 100 mg and 150 mg. The number of cells expressed Cu, Zn SOD in epithelium cells and gland cells were high at a dose of 100 mg. The highest number of ER α expression of endometrial epithelium cells were at a dose of 100 mg. The highest number of ER α expression of endometrial stromal cells was at a dose of 50 mg in postpartum uterus of maternal rats after giving birth twice. The endometrial stromal cells expressed Cu, Zn SOD was high in the postpartum uterus of maternal rats after giving birth twice. Antioxidant plant extracts and their dosages determine the activity of SOD, MDA, Erα, and Cu, Zn SOD expressions in the uterus that will affect the process of repairing of uterine tissue. Allegedly, the bioactive compounds extracted at certain doses effectively affect the physiological repair of cells in the postpartum uterine tissue of maternal rats.