Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109145
Title: Pengaruh Persepsi Kewirausahaan Pemasaran Terhadap Kinerja UMKM Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Bogor
Other Titles: The Effect of Entrepreneurial Marketing Perceptions on MSME Performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bogor City
Authors: Najib, Mukhamad
Aminah, Mimin
Wijayanti, Rinda Tri
Issue Date: Sep-2021
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Di Indonesia, UMKM merupakan leading sector dalam pembangunan ekonomi dan mencakup beberapa aspek serta berbagai faktor seperti penciptaan lapangan kerja, pengurangan kemiskinan dan kontribusi terhadap PDB, namun dampak pandemi sangat dirasakan oleh UMKM terlebih lagi permasalahan yang diakibatkan oleh keterbatasan modal, dan keterbatasan persediaan bahan baku. Untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut, dibutuhkan metode dan strategi pemasaran yang tepat, salah satu pendekatan yang saat ini muncul adalah kewirausahaan pemasaran. Keterkaitan kewirausahaan pemasaran dan kinerja usaha UMKM dapat terlihat dari peningkatan pendapatan, pertumbuhan pelanggan dan volume penjualan dari UMKM itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja usaha UMKM selama pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Bogor. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Januari-Februari 2021 terhadap 150 responden UMKM dengan kriteria yaitu usaha pengolahan pangan, usia usaha minimal 2 tahun atau telah membuka usaha sebelum masa pandemi. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan berupa analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, tabulasi silang dan menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM) pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS). Variabel yang diteliti adalah faktor lingkungan eksternal, faktor lingkungan internal, kewirausahaan pemasaran terhadap kinerja UMKM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan karakteristik pelaku yang dijelaskan dengan jenis kelamin, usia, latar belakang pendidikan, alasan menekuni usaha, pekerjaan awal sebelum memulai usaha, awal mula menjalankan usaha, lama usaha direfleksikan oleh usia dan tingkat pendidikan memiliki hubungan korelasi dengan teknis produksi pada faktor lingkungan internal. Faktor lingkungan eksternal secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap kewirausahaan pemasaran dan kinerja yang didalamnya dijelaskan oleh aspek kebijakan pemerintah, aspek sosial, budaya dan ekonomi, aspek peranan lembaga terkait dan aspek pesaing, dari variabel indikator tersebut, aspek sosial, budaya dan ekonomi paling merefleksikan lingkungan eksternal dari pelaku usaha. Faktor lingkungan internal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kewirausahaan pemasaran namun sebaliknya semakin tinggi faktor lingkungan internal maka akan menurunkan kinerja usaha. Pada kewirausahaan pemasaran menunjukan pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kinerja usaha UMKM di Kota Bogor dengan indikator proaktif yang dapat merefleksikan kewirausahaan pemasaran, sedangkan kinerja usaha direfleksikan oleh indikator pertumbuhan pelanggan.
In Indonesia, MSMEs are the leading sector in economic development and cover several aspects and various factors such as job creation, poverty reduction and contribution to GDP, but the impact of the pandemic is being felt by MSMEs, especially problems caused by limited capital, and limited supplies of raw materials. To solve these problems, appropriate marketing methods and strategies are needed, one approach that is currently emerging is entrepreneurial marketing. The relationship between entrepreneurial marketing and MSME business performance can be seen from the increase in income, customer growth and sales volume of MSMEs themselves. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the business performance of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bogor City. The research was carried during January-February 2021 on 150 MSME respondents with the criteria of a food processing business, a minimum business age of 2 years or having opened a business before the pandemic period. The data processing method used in the form of quantitative descriptive analysis, cross tabulation and using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The variables studied were external environmental factors, internal environmental factors, entrepreneurial marketing on the performance of SMEs. The results showed that the characteristics of the actors described by gender, age, educational background, reasons for pursuing a business, initial work before starting a business, the beginning of running a business, length of business reflected by age and education level had a correlation with production techniques on internal environmental factors. External environmental factors have a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial marketing and performance which are explained by aspects of government policy, social, cultural and economic aspects, aspects of the role of related institutions and aspects of competitors, from these indicator variables, social, cultural and economic aspects most reflect the external environment. from business actors. Internal environmental factors have a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial marketing, but on the contrary, the higher the internal environmental factors, the lower the business performance. Entrepreneurial marketing shows a significant and positive influence on the business performance of MSMEs in Bogor City with proactive indicators that can reflect entrepreneurial marketing, while business performance is reflected by customer growth indicators.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109145
Appears in Collections:MT - Economic and Management

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