Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109018
Title: Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu, Psikologis dan Kompetensi Peternak terhadap Kinerja Usaha Ternak Sapi Perah di KUD Giri Tani Kabupaten Bogor
Other Titles: The Effect of Individual Characteristics, Psychology and Farmers Competence on Dairy Farm Business Performance of KUD Giri Tani Bogor Regency
Authors: Suwarsinah, Heny Kuswanti
Jahroh, Siti
Al Bayani, Irna Rabiahtul
Issue Date: Aug-2021
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Peternakan merupakan subsektor dari sektor pertanian yang memiliki peranan penting dalam perekonomian sebagai salah satu mata pencaharian masyarakat. Selain itu, subsektor peternakan dapat dikembangkan melalui kegiatan berwirausaha. Peternak sebagai pelaku usaha diharapkan mampu mengelola usaha peternakan dengan berorientasi keuntungan, maka peternak akan meningkatkan kinerja usahanya seperti produktivitas, pendapatan dan volume usaha. Upaya meningkatkan kinerja usaha dapat dilakukan dengan memperkuat karakteristik dalam diri peternak yang terdiri dari karakteristik individu dan karakteristik psikologis serta kompetensi (teknis, manajerial dan kewirausahaan). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik (individu dan psikologis) peternak terhadap kompetensi (teknis, manajerial dan kewirausahaan) peternak sapi perah di KUD Giri Tani Kabupaten Bogor dan 2) menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi (teknis, manajerial dan kewirausahaan) peternak terhadap kinerja usaha sapi perah di KUD Giri Tani Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September 2019 di KUD Giri Tani Kabupaten Bogor. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari hasil wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 58 orang peternak yang dipilih berdasarkan teknik acak dari setiap kelompok peternak secara proporsional. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode Partial Least Square (PLS) dan pengolahan data dengan software Smart PLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik peternak sapi perah terdiri dari karakteritik individu dan karakteristik psikologis. Kedua karakteristik tersebut berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kompetensi peternak sapi perah (teknis, manajerial dan kewirausahaan). Indikator yang memiliki kontribusi terbesar dalam menjelaskan karakteristik individu adalah pendidikan, sedangkan indikator yang memiliki kontribusi terbesar dalam menjelaskan karakteristik psikologis adalah motivasi berusaha. Kompetensi peternak sapi perah terdiri dari kompetensi (teknis, manajerial dan kewirausahaan). Kompetensi teknis dan manajerial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha. Sedangkan kompetensi kewirausahaan berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha. Indikator yang memiliki kontribusi terbesar dalam menjelaskan kompetensi teknis adalah pakan ternak sedangkan indikator yang memiliki kontribusi terbesar dalam menjelaskan kompetensi manajerial adalah perencanaan usaha. Kata kunci: Karakteristik Individu, Kinerja Usaha, Peternak Sapi Perah, Partial Least Square (PLS).
Livestock is a sub-sector of the agricultural sector which has an important role in the economy as one of the livelihoods of the community. In addition, the livestock sub-sector can be developed through entrepreneurship activities. Farmers as business actors are expected to be able to manage livestock businesses in a profit-oriented manner, so farmers will improve their business performance such as productivity, income and business volume. Efforts to improve business performance can be done by strengthening the characteristics in the farmer which consist of individual characteristics and psychological characteristics as well as competencies (technical, managerial and entrepreneurial). This study aims to 1) analyze the effect of the characteristics (individual and psychological) of farmers on the competence (technical, managerial and entrepreneurial) of dairy farmers at the Giri Tani KUD, Bogor Regency and 2) analyze the effect of competence (technical, managerial and entrepreneurial) of farmers on the performance of dairy cattle at the Giri Tani KUD, Bogor Regency. Surveys were conducted in September 2019 at the Giri Tani KUD, Bogor Regency. The data used were obtained from interviews using a questionnaire. The number of samples in this study were 58 farmers who were selected based on a random technique from each farmer group proportionally. Data analysis was carried out using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method and data processing with Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results showed that the characteristics of dairy farmers consisted of individual characteristics and psychological characteristics. These two characteristics have a positive and significant effect on the competence of dairy farmers (technical, managerial and entrepreneurial). The indicator that has the largest contribution in explaining individual characteristics is education, while the indicator that has the largest contribution in explaining psychological characteristics is motivation to try. The competence of dairy farmers consists of competencies (technical, managerial and entrepreneurial). Technical and managerial competence have a positive and significant effect on business performance. While entrepreneurial competence has a negative and insignificant effect on business performance. The indicator that has the largest contribution in explaining technical competence is animal feed, while the indicator that has the largest contribution in explaining managerial competence is business planning. Keywords: Business Performance, Dairy Farmer, Individual Characteristics, Partial Least Square (PLS).
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109018
Appears in Collections:MT - Economic and Management

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