Evaluasi Karakter Agronomi dan Potensi Hasil Genotipe Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Sumenep, Jawa Timur

Abstract

Maize is the second main food crop after rice grown by farmers in Indonesia. Maize production is currently used for food, feed, and industry. Nusa Tenggara and Madura are areas that use maize as the main source of carbohydrates. Due to high demand over years, superior maize varieties with high yield potential are needed. This study aimed to identify maize genotypes with good agronomic performance and high yield potential. The experiment was conducted at the Batang-Batang Laok Village, Batang-Batang District, Sumenep Regency, East Java from October 2020 to March 2021. The genotypes evaluated consisted of 23 F1 hybrids, four single cross hybrid varieties, two three-way cross hybrid varieties, two open-pollinated varieties, and three local varieties. The research was conducted using a single factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that the genotype effect was significant on germination percentage, days to anthesis and silking, anthesis silking interval, plant height, main ear height, stem diameter, fresh ear weight with husk, fresh ear weight without husk, dry ear weight without husk, days to harvest, fresh ear length, dry ear length, fresh ear diameter, dry ear diameter, number of grain rows (fresh and dry ears), number of grains per row (fresh and dry ears), ear weight, grain weight per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain moisture, and prediction of grain yield potential. Dry ear weight had a significant and positive correlation with fresh and dry ear length, dry ear diameter, and number of fresh and dry grain per row. B2 x Mr14A has a higher predicted grain yield potential than NK 6172, and is recommended for further evaluation.