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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/108593| Title: | Analisis Daya Saing Dan Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Cengkeh Indonesia |
| Other Titles: | Competitiveness Analysis and Factors Affecting Indonesia Clove Exports |
| Authors: | Fariyanti, Anna Anggraeni, Lukytawati Hidayah, Mirfatul |
| Issue Date: | 2021 |
| Publisher: | IPB University |
| Abstract: | Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil cengkeh terbesar di dunia dan merupakan salah satu Negara pengekspor cengkeh terbesar di dunia yang ditunjukan dengan volume ekspor. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis posisi daya saing dan kinerja ekspor cengkeh (HS 0907) Indonesia, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ekspor cengkeh. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data panel ekspor cengkeh pada sepuluh negara tujuan ekspor yaitu Mesir, India, Malaysia, Belanda, Pakistan, Arab Saudi, Singapura, Uni Emirat Arab, Amerika Serikat, dan Vietnam pada tahun 2005-2019. Data dianalisis menggunakan RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantages), EPD (Export Product Dynamics), dan analisis Gravity. Analisis RCA dan EPD masing-masing digunakan untuk mengetahui keunggulan komparatif dan kinerja analisis ekspor cengkeh Indonesia.
Hasil analisis rata-rata nilai RCA menunjukkan bahwa komoditas cengkeh memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan berdaya saing kuat di setiap pasar yang diteliti. Posisi daya saing dengan nilai rata-rata RCA tertinggi berada di pasar Saudi Arabia, berikutnya secara berurutan pasar negara Vietnam, Amerika, Mesir, Uni Emirat Arab, Belanda, Pakistan, Malaysia kemudian India dan yang terakhir pasar negara Singapura berada di urutan kesepuluh. Hasil Analisis EPD menunjukkan bahwa posisi pasar komoditas cengkeh di masing-masing pasar memiliki variasi yang berbeda-beda yakni berada pada posisi rising star, retreat, dan falling star. Ekspor komoditas cengkeh Indonesia rata-rata tahun 2005-2019 berada pada posisi rising star di pasar Mesir, India, Malaysia, Belanda, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia,UEA, USA, dan Vietnam. Sedangkan di pasar Singapura ekspor cengkeh Indonesia berada pada posisi falling star, yaitu posisi dimana cengkeh Indonesia kehilangan kesempatan untuk meningkatkan pangsa pasar produknya.
Adapun faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor komoditas cengkeh Indonesia adalah produk domestik bruto per kapita negara tujuan, jumlah penduduk dan nilai tukar riil efektif negara tujuan ekspor, serta jarak ekonomi ibukota negara Indonesia dengan negara tujuan. Indonesia is one of the largest clove-producing countries intended for export. This study was aimed to analyze the competitiveness position and performance of Indonesian clove export, and to identify the factors that affect the clover export level. The analyzed data used in this study was clove export panel data on ten export destination countries, namely Egypt, India, Malaysia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, and Vietnam in 2005-2019. Data were analyzed following the RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantages), EPD (Export Product Dynamics), and Gravity analyses. The RCA and EPD analyses were used respectively for comparative advantages and performance of Indonesia’s clove export analyses. The analysis result of RCA value showed that cloves had a comparative advantage and strong competitiveness in each market. The most competitive country with the highest average RCA value was found in the Saudi Arabia market, followed by Vietnam, USA, Egypt, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Netherlands, Pakistan, Malaysia, India, and Singapore markets. The EPD analysis result showed that clove commodity market position in each market had different variations, namely in the rising-star, retreat, and falling-star positions. Averagely, Indonesian clove commodity exports in 2005-2019 were at a rising-star position in Egypt, India, Malaysia, Netherlands, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, USA, and Vietnam markets. Meanwhile, in Singapore market, Indonesian clove exports were at a falling-star position, as Indonesian clove lost the opportunity to increase the product market share. Factors that affected the Indonesian clove exports were Gross domestic product per capita of destination country, total population and effective real exchange rate of export destination country, and then economic gap from Jakarta as Indonesian nation’s capital city and the nation’s capital of destination country. |
| URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/108593 |
| Appears in Collections: | MT - Economic and Management |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cover, Lembar Pengesahan, Prakata, Daftar isi.pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 425.49 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| H453160031_Mirfatul Hidayah.pdf Restricted Access | Artikel Utama | 774.74 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| Lampiran.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 393.22 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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