Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Perubahan Harga Saham Bank Syariah di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi kasus : Saham PT. Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Negara Syariah)

Abstract

Pandemi Covid-19 yang menyebar dengan cepat di Indonesia menyebabkan Pemerintah memberlakukan kebijakan penanggulangan kesehatan berupa Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) yang menyebabkan penurunan kinerja perekonomian nasional. Namun harga saham bank syariah khususnya saham PT. Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Negara Syariah (BTPS) tetap tumbuh bahkan melebihi kinerja IHSG. Oleh karena itu, guna mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi harga saham BTPS baik itu faktor internal perusahaan maupun faktor eksternal perusahaan, maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode VECM. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam kurun waktu antara 2019-2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam jangka pendek, hanya variabel IHSG yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham BTPS. Sementara pada jangka panjang, variabel Price ro Book Value, Trading Volume Activity, Produk Domestik Bruto, Suku Bunga Acuan Bank Indonesia, dan IHSG berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap harga saham BTPS. Harga saham BTPS merespon negatif adanya guncangan PDB, Trading Volume Activity, dan Kurs. Sementara guncangan Earning Per Share, Price to Book Value, Suku Bunga Acuan Bank Indonesia, dan IHSG direspon positif oleh harga Saham BTPS. Price to Book Value memberikan kontribusi tertinggi dalam menjelaskan keragaman harga saham BTPS.

The Covid-19 pandemic that spreads rapidly in Indonesia has caused the Government to impose a health management policy in the form of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) which has caused a decline in the performance of the national economy. However, the share price of Islamic banks, especially BTPS shares, continued to grow and even exceeded the performance of the JCI. Therefore, using the VECM method, this research was conducted to find out what factors influence the stock price of BTPS, both internal and external factors of the company. This research was conducted between 2019-2020. The results showed that in the short term, only the JCI variable had a significant effect on the stock price of BTPS. While in the long term, the variables of PBV, TVA, GDP, Bank Indonesia Reference Rate, and JCI have a significant effect on BTPS stock price. The stock price of BTPS responded negatively to shocks in GDP, TVA, and the exchange rate. Meanwhile, the shocks of EPS, PBV, Bank Indonesia Reference Interest Rate, and JCI were responded positively by BTPS share price. PBV gives the highest contribution in explaining the diversity of BTPS stock prices.