Karakterisasi Gen Presenilin2 (Psen2) Gangguan Amiloid Penyakit Alzheimer Pada Macaca Fascicularis

Abstract

Presenilin2 (PSEN2) genes are the primary component of γ-secretase, responsible for the amyloid precursor protein sequence of proteolytic cleavage and the subsequent formation of amyloid β peptides. 18 RNA samples from the brain cortex and hippocampal regions of an adult group (10-12 years old); 4 female) and an old group (>15 years old; 5 females) of Cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) were analyzed using RT-qPCR. There were no differences in PSEN2 mRNA expression in the cortex in between groups (p=0.063). There were significant differences in mRNA expression in the hippocampus in between groups (p= 0.010). The overall PSEN2 expression level was higher in the adult monkey group and correlated early onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) characteristics in relatively young individuals. The overall PSEN2 expression level was low in the old monkey group. High PSEN2 expression in an adult group might correlate with the regulation of neuronal plasticity, amyloid precursor protein processing, and tau aggregation. It was increased in PSEN2 expression correlated with learning and memory impairment in the cortex and hippocampus. Alteration in PSEN2 expression may be a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. This study proposes that PSEN2 informational mutations could be included as useful gene biomarkers for the comprehensive prognosis of Alzheimer's disease in the Omnibus Gene Expression (GEO) database.