Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107909
Title: Pemodelan Kemiskinan di Pulau Jawa Tahun 2012 sampai 2018 dengan Panel Spasial Dinamis
Authors: Djuraidah, Anik
Syafitri, Utami Dyah
Nuswantari, Asti
Issue Date: 2021
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Tiga provinsi di Pulau Jawa memiliki persentase kemiskinan di atas rata-rata nasional sebesar 10.19% pada 2020. Salah satu metode untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi persentase kemiskinan adalah panel spasial dinamis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model panel spasial dinamis terbaik berdasarkan matriks pembobot spasial dan menentukan peubah-peubah yang memengaruhi persentase kemiskinan di Pulau Jawa. Matriks pembobot yang dibandingkan adalah ketetanggaan langkah ratu, dua tetangga terdekat, invers jarak, dan eksponensial jarak. Data yang digunakan di penelitian ini antara lain persentase kemiskinan sebagai peubah respon, sedangkan pendapatan domestik regional bruto, persentase pendidikan yang ditamatkan SD ke bawah, angka melek huruf, persentase pengeluaran per kapita, persentase penduduk usia produktif, harapan lama sekolah, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan persentase banyaknya puskesmas sebagai peubah penjelas yang diamati tahun 2012-2018 di Pulau Jawa. Metode yang digunakan meliputi eksplorasi data, uji dependensi, dan analisis panel spasial dinamis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dependensi spasial pada peubah respon dan penjelas sehingga digunakan adalah model spasial Durbin. Model terbaik adalah model panel spasial Durbin dinamis dengan pengaruh tetap dan matriks pembobot dua tetangga terdekat. Peubah yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap persentase kemiskinan adalah angka melek huruf, persentase penduduk umur produktif, dan persentase puskesmas. Efek marginal menunjukkan peningkatan pendapatan domestik regional bruto, persentase pendidikan yang ditamatkan SD kebawah, angka melek huruf, dan pengeluaran per kapita dapat menurunkan persentase kemiskinan bagi suatu kabupaten/kota di Pulau Jawa.
Three provinces in Java had poverty percentages above the national average at 10.19% in 2020. One of the methods to identify the factors that affect poverty is the dynamic spatial panel model. This research aims to determine the best dynamic spatial panel model based on several spatial weighting matrices and identify the variables that affect the percentage of poverty in Java Island. The weighted matrices compared in this research were queen contiguity, two nearest neighbors, inverse distance, and exponential distance. The data used in this research were the percentage of poverty as response variable, meanwhile the gross domestic product, the percentage of education completed by elementary school, the literacy rate, expenditure per capita, percentage of the productive age population, expected of length school, the average of length school, and percentage of health centers as predictor variables observed in 2012-2018 on Java Island. The methods used were data exploration, dependency test, and dynamic spatial panel analysis. The results of the spatial autocorrelation test show that there was a spatial dependency on the dependent variable and predictors, so the model used was the Durbin spatial model. The best model was a dynamic spatial Durbin panel with a fixed effect and two nearest neighbor weighting matrices. Predictors that significantly affect poverty were the literacy rate, percentage of the productive age population, and the percentage of health centers. The marginal effect shows that an increase of gross domestic product, the percentage of education completed by elementary school, the literacy rate, and expenditure per capita could reduce the percentage of the city in Java.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107909
Appears in Collections:UT - Statistics and Data Sciences

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G14170024_Asti Nuswantari_Skripsi.pdf
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G14170024_Lampiran.pdf
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