Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107578
Title: Perencanaan Lanskap Ekowisata Mangrove Kecamatan Batu Ampar Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat
Other Titles: Landscape Planning of Mangrove Ecotourism in Batu Ampar District Kubu Raya Regency West Kalimantan
Authors: Sulistyantara, Bambang
Budiarti, Tati
Sisriany, Saraswati
Issue Date: 2021
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Ekosistem mangrove menyediakan beragam jenis jasa ekologi dan jasa ekosistem ekonomi ke masyarakat pesisir, termasuk ekowisata. Batu Ampar, yang memiliki hutan mangrove terbesar didorong untuk mengembangkan ekowisata mangrove. Ekowisata adalah salah satu jasa ekosistem yang dapat diterapkan di lokasi yang memiliki dan dikelilingi oleh kawasan lindung seperti Batu Ampar. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah di 15 desa di Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah perencanaan lanskap ekowisata mangrove berdasarkan peta potensi mangrove yang dihasilkan dari kombinasi multi aspek yaitu aspek wisata, aspek lingkungan, aspek legal dan aspek nilai lanskap. Analisis multikriteria yang digunakan dalam ini mencakup analisis daya tarik objek wisata (ODTWA), analisis kesesuaian mangrove, analisis kerentanan biofisik, analisis kebijakan spasial dan analisis nilai lanskap, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan weighted overlay dengan skor berdasarkan kuisioner AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). Hasil peta potensi tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan desa prioritas untuk ekowisata mangrove dari 15 desa yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan memiliki 18% potensi tinggi, 30% potensi sedang, 22.6% potensi rendah, dan sisanya tidak sesuai. Desa yang memiliki area potensial untuk ekowisata mangrove adalah Desa Batu Ampar, Desa Teluk Nibung, Desa Nipah Panjang dan Desa Tanjang Harapan. Keempat desa tersebut kemudian menjadi desa-desa prioritas untuk rencana ekowisata mangrove. Ecotourism opportunity spectrum oleh Boyd dan Butler (1996) digunakan untuk menentukan masing-masing konsep pengembangan dan struktur program dari Fennel (2002) untuk tiap desa prioritas. Konsep dasar dari ekowisata mangrove Batu Ampar adalah community-based ecotourism (CBET), sehingga konsep pengelolaan mendorong peran aktif masyarakat lokal melalui POKDARWIS. Perencanaan lanskap ekowisata mangrove Batu Ampar dibagi menjadi tiga zona berdasarkan spektrum ECOS (Ecotourism opportunity spectrum). Zona ecogeneralist berada di Desa Batu Ampar, terdiri atas tiga ruang (welcome area, area budaya dan area mangrove), dan tiga jalur (jalur budaya, jalur mangrove dan jalur dermaga), dengan daya dukung rata-rata 411 orang/fasilitas/hari. Zona intermediate berada di Desa Nipah Panjang dan Desa Teluk Nibung, terdiri dari empat ruang (ecolodge area, trail area, services area, dan area konservasi), dengan daya dukung rata-rata 215 orang/fasilitas/hari. Zona ecospesialist berada di Desa Tanjung Harapan terdiri dari satu ruang (Area Pusat Wisata), dan dua jalur (jalur berjalan dan jalur perahu), dengan daya dukung rata-rata 90 orang/fasilitas/hari.
Mangrove ecosystems provide a wide variety of important ecological and economical ecosystem services to coastal communities, including ecotourism. Batu Ampar, where one of the largest mangrove forest lays are encourage to develop the mangrove ecotourism. Ecotourism is one of the ecosystems services that can be applied in the locations that surrounded by protected areas. The study location is in the 15 villages of Batu Ampar district, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. This study aims to develop a landscape plan for mangrove ecotourism based on potential map of mangrove ecotourism with combination of multiple aspects from tourism, environment, legal, and landscape value. The multi-criteria use in this research is includes Natural Tourism Attraction (ODTWA), Mangrove Tourism Suitability, Biophysic Vulnerability, Landscape Values, and Spatial Policy, and weighted overlay based on AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) score. The potential map results were use for determined the priorities for mangrove ecotourism among the 15 villages. The results indicate that 18% is high potential area, 30% is moderate potential, 22.6%, is low potential and the rest are not potential. High Potential area for mangrove ecotourism are situated in Batu Ampar, Telok Nibong, Nipah Panjang, and Tanjung Harapan. These four villages become the priorities for mangrove ecotourism plan. Ecotourism opportunity spectrum by Boyd and Butler (1996) were used for distinguished each villages concept development and program structures by Fennel (2002). The basic concept of mangrove ecotourism in Batu Ampar is community-based ecotourism, and therefore the management concept encourage the active role of local community through POKDARWIS. Landscape plan of mangrove ecotourism in Batu Ampar is divided into three zone based on the ECOS (Ecotourism Opportunity Spectrum). Ecogeneralist zone is situated in Batu Ampar village, consist of three areas (welcome area, culture area, and mangrove area), and three routes (cultural route, mangrove route, and dock route), with average carrying capacity plan 411 person/facilites/day. Intermediate zone is situated in Nipah Panjang village and Teluk Nibung village, consist of four areas (ecolodge area, trail area, services area, and conservation area), and three routes (bike route, ecolodge route, planting route), with average carrying capacity plan 215 person/facilites/day. Ecogeneralist zone is situated in Tanjung Harapan village, consist of one area (Tourism Center Area), and two routes (walk route and boat route), with average carrying capacity plan is 90 person/facilites/day.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107578
Appears in Collections:MT - Agriculture

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