Ecological Pastterns of Wild Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in Java Island, Indonesia: Effects of Environmental Factors

Abstract

The geographical (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and environmental variables (rainfall and temperature) would be important constraints on forest structure, food abundance, other resources’ distribution and availability. These can affect dietary habits, behavior, and dayly travel distance. This study aims to examine environmental determinant(s) of behavioral and social aspects of Javan gibbons through meta-analysis. This study compiled previous publications about gibbons through database searching. Employed statistical analyses were Spearman’s rank correlation and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed that there were no significant correlations between geographical/environmental variables and behavioral/social aspects, except for relationship with latitude and number of animals per group. This study also found no significant differences in behavioral/social aspects among forest types.