Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107001
Title: Kajian In Silico dan In Vitro Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav sebagai Inhibitor HMG-KoA Reduktase serta Aktivitas Penghambatan Terbentuknya Malondialdehida
Other Titles: In Silico and In Vitro Study of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav as HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor and Inhibition of Malondialdehyde Formation
Authors: Safithri, Mega
Andrianto, Dimas
Zaelani, Bella Fatima Dora
Issue Date: 16-Jun-2021
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Penimbunan plak kolesterol dalam dinding pembuluh darah terjadi akibat molekul LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) teroksidasi oleh radikal bebas, yang merupakan salah satu faktor resiko terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner. Enzim yang berperan dalam pembentukan kolesterol adalah enzim hidroksil metilglutaril-KoA reduktase (HMG-KoA reduktase). Enzim ini berperan mereduksi HMG-CoA menjadi mevalonat yang selanjutnya diubah menjadi kolesterol. Dalam kondisi hiperlipidemia, terjadi peningkatan reactive oxygen species (ROS), sehingga menimbulkan peroksidasi lipid di dalam tubuh dan menghasilkan produk oksidasi yaitu malondialdehida (MDA). Keberadaan ROS dapat dinetralisir dengan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Pemanfaatan tanaman herbal menjadi alternatif dalam mengobati berbagai penyakit. Sirih merah mengandung senyawa aktif yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor HMG-KoA reduktase dan antioksidan, seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, polifenol, fenolik, tanin, dan minyak atsiri. Penelitian sebelumnya telah banyak dilakukan penghambatan HMG-KoA reduktase secara in vivo. Penemuan obat dapat dipermudah dan dipercepat dengan prediksi pengikatan molekul ligan pada protein secara komputasi. Penelitian sebelumnya telah berhasil melakukan analisis senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam ekstrak dan fraksi sirih merah. Penelitian mengenai penghambatan HMG-KoA reduktase secara in silico dan in vitro oleh sirih merah belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini menguji potensi senyawa ekstrak etanol, fraksi air, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi n-heksan sirih merah sebagai inhibitor HMG-KoA reduktase secara in silico dan in vitro serta penghambatan pembentukan malondialdehida. Senyawa sirih merah dilakukan virtual screening menggunakan PyRx dan dilanjutkan analisis kelarutan dan toksisitas ligan. Penambatan molekul senyawa uji dilakukan menggunakan autodock vina terhadap ligan dengan energi afinitas tertinggi terhadap HMG-KoA reduktase (kode PDB: 1HWK) berdasarkan virtual screening. Ekstraksi sirih merah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%, kemudian difraksinasi bertingkat menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan air. Penghambatan HMG-KoA reduktase in silico, kemudian dibuktikan secara in vitro dengan konsentrasi akhir sampel 50 ppm, 100 ppm dan 200 ppm. Atorvastatin digunakan sebagai kontrol positif. Pengahmbatan pembentukakan malondialdehida dilakukan dengan metode tiobarbituric acid (TBA) untuk melihat potensi aktivitas antioksidan sampel.Hasil virtual screening menunjukkan ligan terpilih yaitu glabrescione, galokatekin, schisandrin B, 4-(4-methoxy-phenylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-4a,9-diaza- cyclopenta[b]fluorene-10-carbonitrile, 4-({4,6-Bis[(3R,5S)-3,5-diamino-1-piperidinyl]- 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)benzenesulfonamide, dan 1,1'-(1,4-Butanediyl)bis{2,6-dimethyl- 4-[(3-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)methyl]pyridinium} dan senyawa dengan energi afinitas tertinggi yaitu 4-({4,6-Bis[(3R,5S)-3,5-diamino-1-piperidinyl]-1,3,5- triazin-2-yl}amino)benzenesulfonamide sebesar -8.3 kkal/mol, berinteraksi dengan residu asam amino Ser684, Asp690, Lys691, Lys692, Lys735. Penghambatan terbesar HMG- KoA reduktase secara in vitro terdapat pada fraksi etil asetat 200 ppm yaitu sebesar 94% dan aktivitas tertinggi penghambatan pembentukan malondialdehida pada fraksi etil asetat serta terendah pada semua konsentrasi adalah fraksi air.
The buildup of Cholesterol plaque in artery walls occurs due to oxidation of LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) molecules by free radicals, which is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The enzyme that plays a role in the formation of cholesterol is the hydroxyl methylglutaril-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) enzyme. In hyperlipidemic conditions, there is an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing lipid peroxidation in the body and producing oxidation products, malondialdehyde (MDA). The presence of ROS can be neutralized with compounds that may act as antioxidants. Utilization of herbal plants is an alternative in treating various diseases. Red betel contains active compounds that have the potential to act as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, phenolics, tannins, and essential oils. Previous studies have carried out the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase in vivo. Drug discovery can be facilitated and accelerated by computationally predictive of binding of protein and ligand molecules. Previous research has succeeded in analyzing the active compounds contained in the extract and fraction of red betel. Research on the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase in vitro and in silico by red betel has not been carried out. This study aimed to predict potential of ethanol extract compounds, water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and red betel n-hexane fraction as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in silico and in vitro method. Virtual screening wa perfomed to 34 red betel compound using PyRx and continued with analysis of the solubility and toxicity of the ligand. The binding of compounds was carried out using autodock vina against the ligand with the highest energy affinity for HMG-CoA reductase (code PDB:1HWK) based on virtual screening. Extraction of red betel was carried out by maceration method using 70% ethanol, then fractionated gradually using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water as solvents. In silico inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase was then proven in vitro with the final sample concentrations of 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 200 ppm. Atorvastatin was used as a positive control. The inhibition of malondialdehyde formation was carried out using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method to see the potential antioxidant activity of the sample. Virtual screening prediction results showed that the best ligands were glabrecione, gallocatechins, schisandrin B, 4-(4-methoxy-phenylamino)-2,3-dihydro- 1H-4a,9-diaza-cyclopenta[b]fluorene-10-carbonitrile, 4 - ({4,6-Bis [(3R, 5S) -3,5- diamino-1-piperidinyl] -1,3, 5-triazine-2-yl} amino) benzenesulfonamide, and 1,1 '- (1,4-Butanediyl) bis {2,6-dimethyl-4 - [(3-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2 ( 3H) -ylidene) methyl] pyridinium} and the compound with the highest energy affinity, 4 - ({4,6-Bis [(3R, 5S) -3,5-diamino-1-piperidinyl] -1,3,5-triazine -2-yl} amino) benzenesulfonamide of -8.3 kcal/mol that interacting with amino acid residues Ser684, Asp690, Lys691, Lys692, Lys735. HMG-CoA reductase inhibition in vitro, the largest percentage of inhibition was found in the ethyl acetate fraction 200 ppm, which was 94% and inhibition of malondialdehyde formation had the highest activity in the ethyl acetate fraction and the lowest at all concentrations was the air fraction.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107001
Appears in Collections:MT - Mathematics and Natural Science

Files in This Item:
File Description SizeFormat 
Cover.pdfCover459.36 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
G851190111_Bella Fatima Dora Zaelani.pdf
  Restricted Access
Fullteks11.1 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
Lampiran.pdf
  Restricted Access
Lampiran2.55 MBAdobe PDFView/Open


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.