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Title: | Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Inklusif di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta |
Other Titles: | Determinants of Inclusive Economic Growth in The Yogyakarta |
Authors: | Mulatsih, Sri Rindayanti, Wiwiek Hidayat, Ibnu |
Issue Date: | 7-Jul-2020 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | Pertumbuhan ekonomi yang disertai dengan meningkatnya ketimpangan
pendapatan disuatu negara telah menimbulkan ketimpangan antara si miskin dan
si kaya. Meningkatnya ketimpangan akan meningkatkan angka kriminalitas di
masyarakat. Pembangunan ekonomi saat ini tidak cukup dengan pertumbuhan
ekonomi yang tinggi. Pertumbuhan ekonomi harus diterima oleh semua orang
(Asian Development Bank, 2011). Konsekuensinya, lahirlah konsep pertumbuhan
ekonomi yang inklusif.
Pertumbuhan ekonomi bisa inklusif jika memberikan manfaat bagi
masyarakat seperti berkurangnya kemiskinan, ketimpangan pendapatan, dan
pengangguran. Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) merupakan salah satu
provinsi yang pertumbuhan ekonominya terus meningkat setiap tahunnya.
Pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi DIY yang meningkat setiap tahun belum mampu
mengurangi ketimpangan pendapatan, pengangguran terbuka, dan persentase
kemiskinan. Sehingga belum terjadi pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif di
Provinsi DIY.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1). Mendeskripsikan pertumbuhan
ekonomi inklusif di Provinsi DIY, (2). Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif di Provinsi DIY, (3). Simulasi
kebijakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif di Provinsi DIY.
Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel yang terdiri dari 5 kabupaten dan kota di
Provinsi DIY dengan periode waktu tahun 2011 hingga 2017. Estimasi model
(persamaan simultan) menggunakan metode Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS).
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi
pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif adalah konsumsi rumah tangga, ekspor
barang/jasa, penanaman modal asing, penanaman modal dalam negeri, pendapatan
perkapita, masa studi, tingkat pengangguran terbuka, dan impor barang/jasa. Hasil
simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsumsi rumah tangga sebesar 2%
akan meningkatkan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto sebesar 1,5%, menurunkan
tingkat pengangguran terbuka sebesar 3,0%, kemiskinan sebesar 10,7%, dan
ketimpangan pendapatan sebesar 5,5%. Pemerintah DIY dapat mendorong
konsumsi rumah tangga melalui kebijakan pengelolaan pajak daerah. Penurunan
pajak akan menyebabkan disposable income meningkat, sehingga meningkatkan
konsumsi rumah tangga dan menciptakan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif di
Provinsi DIY. Economic growth accompanied by increasing income inequality in a country has led to inequality between the poor and the rich. Increasing inequality will certainly increase the crime rate in society. The current economic development is not sufficient with high economic growth. Economic growth must be accepted by everyone (Asian Development Bank, 2011). As a consequence, the concept of inclusive economic growth has emerged. Economic growth can be inclusive if it provides benefits to society such as reduced poverty, income inequality, and unemployment. Yogyakarta Special Region Province (DIY) is one of the provinces whose economic growth is increasing every year. DIY Province economic growth which increases every year has not been able to reduce income inequality, open unemployment, and the percentage of poverty. So that there has been no inclusive economic growth in DIY Province. The objectives of this study are (1). Describing inclusive economic growth in DIY Province, (2). Analyzing the factors that influence inclusive economic growth in DIY Province, (3). Simulation of policies to increase inclusive economic growth in DIY Province. This study uses panel data consisting of 5 districts and cities in DIY Province with a time period from 2011 to 2017. Model estimation (simultaneous equation) uses the Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) method. The results of the analysis show that the factors that influence inclusive economic growth are household consumption, export of goods/services, foreign investment, domestic investment, per capita income, study period, open unemployment rate, and imports of goods/services. The simulation results show that an increase in household consumption by 2% will increase the gross regional domestic product by 1.5%, reduce the open unemployment rate by 3.0%, poverty by 10.7%, and income inequality by 5.5%. The DIY government can encourage household consumption through local tax management policies. A decrease in taxes will cause disposable income to increase, thereby increasing household consumption and creating inclusive economic growth in DIY Province |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/106610 |
Appears in Collections: | MT - Economic and Management |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fullteks.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 4.15 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Cover.pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 2.22 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Lampiran.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 2.8 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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