Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105919
Title: Stabilitas Balok Kayu yang Menerima Pembebanan Lentur Terpusat di Beberapa Titik
Authors: Hidayatullah, Rizky
Issue Date: 26-Jan-2021
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Perencanaan struktur kayu di Indonesia mengacu pada Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7973:2013 yang merupakan adopsi dari National Design Spesification (NDS) 2012 yang berlaku di Amerika Serikat. NDS disusun berdasarkan jenis kayu temperate yang biasa digunakan di Amerika Serikat yang pada umumnya merupakan kayu daun jarum (softwood). Indonesia memiliki hutan yang didominasi oleh jenis kayu daun lebar (hardwood). Perbedaan kelompok jenis pohon penghasil kayu ini meningkatkan potensi ketidaksesuaian nilai-nilai yang tertera di SNI 7973:2013 untuk kondisi nyata penggunaan di Indonesia. Nilai kuat acuan yang tercantum pada SNI 7973-2013 harus dikoreksi dengan beberapa faktor penyesuaian antara lain: faktor stabilitas balok (CL), faktor durasi beban (CD), faktor layan basah (CM), faktor temperatur (Ct), faktor penggunaan rebah (Cfu), faktor tusukan (Ci), faktor komponen berulang (Cr), dll. Salah satu faktor penyesuaian yaitu faktor stabilitas balok (CL) menjadi topik yang dipelajari pada penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat respon yang terjadi pada balok kayu ketika menerima pembebanan lentur terpusat di beberapa titik, menghitung nilai CL secara empiris, kemudian membandingkannya dengan nilai CL yang tertera di SNI 7973:2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat jenis kayu lokal Indonesia yaitu meranti merah (Shorea sp.), mahoni (Swietenia sp.), pinus (Pinus sp.), dan agathis (Agathis sp.) untuk memverifikasi nilai CL SNI 7973:2013. Pengujian sifat fisis (kadar air, kerapatan, dan berat jenis) dan sifat mekanis (modulus elastisitas, kekuatan lentur, dan rasio daktilitas) dilakukan pada contoh kecil bebas cacat. Pengujian sifat fisis juga dilakukan pada contoh uji ukuran penuh. Sebelum dilakukan pengujian mekanis contoh uji ukuran penuh dipilah secara visual dan dihitung nilai rasio kekuatan (S) berdasarkan ASTM D 245. Meranti merah memiliki nilai S tertinggi yaitu antara 16.8–84.5%, mahoni 25.58–67.34%, pinus 17.81–75.43%, dan yang paling rendah agathis 15.13–40%. Pengujian lentur statis pada contoh uji ukuran penuh dilakukan dengan beberapa macam konfigurasi pembebanan yaitu satu hingga lima beban terpusat dengan diberi tumpuan lateral di titik-titik beban untuk mendapatkan nilai CL empiris (CL,e). Nilai CL,e pada penelitian ini berkisar antara 0.32–1.39. Nilai koefisisen tekuk Euler (KbE) diestimasi menggunakan regresi nonlinier dan menghasilkan nilai estimasi KbE sebesar 0.413 dengan nilai 5% batas bawah dan 5% batas atas sebesar 0.338 dan 0.488. Dengan menerapkan faktor 2.74 yang merepresentasikan nilai 5% exclusion limit (R0.05) pada modulus elastisitas (Emin) dan faktor keamanan, didapatkan nilai koefisien tekuk Euler terkoreksi (KbE’) sebesar 1.13 (0.92–1.34) yang sesuai dengan SNI 7973: 2013 (KbE'= 1,20). Penelitian ini secara empiris berhasil menverifikasi formula CL yang ditetapkan SNI 7973: 2013 sehingga desainer disarankan untuk tetap menggunakan rumus tersebut dalam perancangan balok kayu.
Wood structure design can refer to Indonesian Wooden Building Code SNI 7973:2013 which is mainly adopted from American Building Code: National Design Specification (NDS) 2012. The NDS is based on the temperate wood species commonly used in America which is generally softwood. Indonesia as a tropical country has dominated by hardwood species as well. This increases the potential for nonconformities to the values stated in SNI 7973: 2013. Therefore, local Indonesian wood species research is needed to verify the tabulated data in SNI 7973: 2013, mainly. Several adjustment factors should be applied to adjust the reference design value designated in the Bulding Code [i.e., beam stability factor (CL), load duration factor (CD), wet service factor (CM), temperature factor (Ct), flat use factor (Cfu), incising factor (Ci), repetitive member factor (Cr), etc]. Beam stability factor (CL) is one of the adjustment factor which is this study’s focus. The objective of this study is to analyze the response that occurs in the wood beam after being applied by concentrated flexural loadings at several points to get the CL value then compared with those stated in SNI 7973: 2013. In this research, four Indonesian local timber species were tested namely red meranti (Shorea leprosula Miq.), mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King), pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese), and agathis (Agathis dammara (Lambert) Rich). Physical properties (moisture content, density, and specific gravity) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and ductility) were conduct on small clear specimens. Physical and mechanical properties were also measured on the full-size specimens. Before mechanical testing, the full-size specimens were visually graded and the strength ratio (S) was calculated in accordance with ASTM D245. Red meranti has less defect so its S value is the highest (S=16.8–84.5%), while mahogany’s is 25.58–67.34%, pine’s is 17.81– 75.43%, and the lowest is agathis’ (S=15.13–40%). Static bending test of the fullsize specimens was conducted with several loading configurations, namely 1 - 5 concentrated loads with lateral support at the load points to obtain the empirical CL value (CL,e). The CL,e values in this study ranged from 0.32–1.39. The Euler buckling coefficient (KbE) value was estimated using nonlinear regression and resulting the estimated KbEwas 0.413, with the 5% lower and 5% upper values were 0.338 and 0.488, respectively. By applying the 2.74 factor which represents an approximate 5% lower exclusion value on the pure bending modulus of elasticity (Emin) and a factor of safety, the adjusted Euler buckling coefficient (KbE’) value found in this study was 1.13 (0.92–1.34) which approved that of SNI 7973:2013 (KbE’=1.20); thus, the SNI 7973:2013 CL formula is suggested to keep being applied in timber beam designing.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105919
Appears in Collections:MT - Forestry

Files in This Item:
File Description SizeFormat 
Cover, Lembar Pernyataan, Abstrak, Lembar Pengesahan, Prakata dan Daftar Isi.pdf
  Restricted Access
Cover780.64 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
E251190096_Rizky Hidayatullah.pdf
  Restricted Access
Fullteks2.05 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
Lampiran.pdf
  Restricted Access
Lampiran533.87 kBAdobe PDFView/Open


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.