Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105752
Title: Kualitas Mikrobiologi, Fisikokimia, dan Organoleptik Dendeng yang Ditambahkan Serbuk Simplisia Jahe Merah Selama Penyimpanan
Other Titles: Quality Microbiology, Physicochemical, and Organoleptic Food Dried Cow (Dendeng) Added By Simplician Powder Of Red Ginger During Storage
Authors: Suryati, Tuti
Rifkhan, Rifkhan
Issue Date: 18-Jan-2021
Publisher: IPB University
Citation: Thesis
Abstract: Dendeng adalah produk olahan pangan dari daging dengan penambahan bumbu tradisional dan dikeringkan. Banyak diantara masyarakat mengolahnya dengan berbagai variasi penambahan bumbu khusus selain bumbu-bumbu tradisional lainnya. Salah satu penambahan bumbu yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan mikroba dan kualitas fisikokimia dari dendeng sapi yang ditambahkan serbuk simplisia jahe merah selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap. Penelitian tahap pertama menganalisa fitokimia serbuk simplisia jahe merah secara kualitatif (senyawa alkaloid, fenolik, triterpernoid, steroid dan senyawa glikosida), dan secara kuantitatif (senyawa gingerol, besaran angka antioksidan, dan jumlah rendeman ekstraksi jahe merah). Penelitian tahap kedua mengamati dendeng dengan penambahan persentase pemberian serbuk simplisia jahe merah sebesar 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% pada hari ke-0 ditinjau dari karakteristik mikrobiologis (total bakteri, total Escherichia coli, dan total Staphylococcus aureus), karakteristik fisikokimiawi (pH, aktivitas air, kadar malonaldehida dan aktivitas antioksidan), dan organoleptik. Tahap ketiga mengamati hasil yang terbaik dari pengujian tahap kedua yaitu membandingkan perlakuan R1 dengan tanpa perlakuan atau kontrol (R0) selama penyimpanan suhu ruang dengan rentang waktu 5 hari, 10 hari, dan 15 hari. Variabel yang diujikan adalah seperti pengujian pada tahap kedua. Rancangan dalam penelitian pada tahap kedua menggunakan desain rancangan acak kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan (penambahan persentase pemberian serbuk simplisia jahe merah sebesar 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%) dengan 3 periode pembuatan yang berbeda sebagai kelompok. Data hasil uji organoleptik diolah dengan menggunakan statistik nonparametrik. Penelitian tahap ketiga menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial 2x3 (faktor pertama adalah faktor penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah dan faktor kedua adalah 3 lama penyimpanan yang berbeda) dengan 3 kelompok pembuatan yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian pada tahap pertama menunjukkan bahwa serbuk simplisia jahe merah mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, tannin, fenolik, flavonoid, triperpenoid, dan glikosida. Senyawa steroid tidak terdapat pada hasil analisa kualitatif fitokimia serbuk simplisia jahe merah. Hasil penelitian tahap kedua menunjukkan bahwa penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah pada dendeng berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai TPC (P<0.05). Peningkatan taraf perlakuan penambahan serbuk simplisia serbuk jahe merah menurunkan total jumlah bakteri TPC, sedangkan Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus tidak terdeteksi pada sampel. Penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah juga berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia (P<0.05), yaitu berpengaruh terhadap nilai pH, aktivitas air, malonaldehida, dan aktivitas antioksidan pada setiap perlakuannya sampai level penambahan 20%. Hasil pengujian organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap parameter uji hedonik (warna, rasa, aroma, dan tekstur). Panelis menyukai dendeng dengan perlakuan R1 dan R0 dibandingkan dengan perlakuan R2. R3. dan R4. hasil tersebut dijadikan dasar untuk melakukan pengamatan tahap ketiga. Hasil penelitian pada tahap ketiga menunjukkan bahwa kualitas mikrobiologi dendeng selama penyimpanan dipengaruhi secara nyata (P<0.05) oleh perlakuan penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah. Hasil pengujian Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan bahwa kedua bakteri tersebut tidak terdeteksi selama waktu penyimpanan pada perlakuan R1. Hal ini berbeda dengan perlakuan dendeng tanpa penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah (R0) yang menunjukkan bahwa Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus terdeteksi pada penyimpanan hari ke-10 dan hari ke-15. Pengujian fisikokimia menunjukkan bahwa penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap penurunan nilai pH selama waktu penyimpanan pada perlakuan R0 dan R1. Penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap aktivitas air. Peningkatan aktivitas air terjadi pada perlakuan R0 di hari ke-15. hal berbeda nyata (P<0.05) dengan penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah pada perlakuan R1 yang menunjukkan penurunan nilai aktivitas air selama waktu penyimpanan. Penambahan serbuk simplisia jahe merah juga memiliki nilai berbeda nyata (P<0.05) terhadap nilai thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nilai aktivitas antioksidan, dan nilai penghambatan DPPH yang mengalami peningkatan selama waktu penyimpanan pada perlakuan R0 dan R1.
Dendeng is a food processed product from meat with the addition of traditional spices and drying. Many of the people process it with various variations in the addition of special spices in addition to other traditional spices. One of the addition of spices that can be done is by adding the powder of red ginger simplicia. This study aims to analyze the microbial growth and physicochemical quality of dendeng with red ginger simplicia powder added during storage. The research was conducted in three stages. The first stage of the research analyzed the phytochemicals of red ginger simplicia powder qualitatively (alkaloid, phenolic, triterpernoid, steroid and glycoside compounds), and quantitatively (gingerol compounds, antioxidant numbers, and red ginger extract yield). The second stage of research observed dendeng with the addition of the percentage of red ginger simplicia powder of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% on the 0th day in terms of microbiological characteristics (total bacteria, total Escherichia coli, and total Staphylococcus aureus), physicochemical characteristics (pH, water activity, malonaldehyde levels, and antioxidant activity), and organoleptics. The third stage is the observation of the best results from the second test, the comparison of R1 treatment with treatment of control (R0) during room temperature storage with a span of 5 days, 10 days, and 15 days. The variable being tested is like the test in the second stage. The research design in the second stage used a randomized block design with 5 treatments (the percentage addition of red ginger simplicia powder was 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) with 3 different manufacturing periods as a group. Organoleptic test data were processed using nonparametric statistics. The third stage of the study used a 2x3 factorial randomized block design (the first factor was the addition of red ginger simplicia powder and the second factor was 3 different storage times) with 3 different manufacturing groups. The results of the research in the first stage showed that the simplicia powder of red ginger contained alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, triperpenoids, and glycosides. Steroid compounds were not found in the results of the phytochemical qualitative analysis of red ginger powder simplicia. The results of the second stage showed that the addition of red ginger simplicia powder to dendeng had a significant effect on the TPC value (P<0.05). The increase in the treatment level of the addition of red ginger powder simplicia powder decreased the total number of TPC bacteria, while Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were not detected in the sample. The addition of red ginger simplicia powder also had a significant effect on physicochemical characteristics (P<0.05), which affected the pH value, water activity, malonaldehyde, and antioxidant activity in each treatment until the addition level of 20%. The organoleptic test results showed that the addition of red ginger simplicia powder had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the hedonic test parameters (color, taste, smell, and texture). Panelists liked dendeng with treatment R1 and R0 compared to treatment R2. R3. and R4. these results were used as the basis for conducting the third stage observation. The results in the third stage showed that the microbiological quality of dendeng during storage was significantly affected (P<0.05) by the addition of red ginger simplicia powder. The test results for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed that the two bacteria were not detected during the storage time in treatment R1. This is different from the dendeng treatment without the addition of red ginger simplicia powder (R0) which shows that Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were detected on the 10th and 15th day of storage. Physicochemical testing showed that the addition of red ginger simplicia powder had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the decrease in pH value during the storage time in the R0 and R1 treatments. The addition of red ginger simplicia powder had a significant effect (P<0.05) to water activity. The increase in water activity occurred in treatment R0 on the 15th day, which was significantly different (P<0.05) with the addition of red ginger simplicia powder in treatment R1 which showed a decrease in the value of water activity during storage time. The addition of red ginger simplicia powder also had significantly different values (P<0.05) on the value of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the value of antioxidant activity, and the inhibition value of DPPH which increased during storage time in R0 and R1 treatments.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105752
Appears in Collections:MT - Animal Science

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