Analisis keruangan kawasan lindung DAS Cikaso, kabupaten Sukabumi

Abstract

Attained progressive in development sometimes causes shifting of land utilization pattern that does not match with spatial arrangement point of view, carrying capacity and land suitability. Therefore, the spatial arrangement plan is needed to achieve balance between cultivation area and preservation area. Determination of preservation area as a limitation factor for spatial utilization has to be based on the physical condition of its area, and the implementation is affected by socioeconomic condition of community surrounding the area. The objectives of this research are: 1) to identify the preservation areas in Cikaso watershed based on its biophysical condition, 2) to analyze the spatial utilization discrepancy of preservation area, 3) to analyze the population pressure on preservation area. The analysis was conducted by GIS approach and applying the president Decree No. 32/1990 about Management of Preservation Area as well as the criteria from Ministry of Forestry (1993). Population pressure indication is decided by the value of population pressure index. Based on physical condition of the Cikaso watershed by applying the president Decree No. 32/1990, the area that should be decided as a preservation area is 26,285.69 ha or 22.44% of the entire watershed. Meanwhile by the criteria of Ministry of Forestry (1993), the preservation area is 43,421.61 ha (37.07%). Based on the existing spatial utilization plan, there is 93% discrepancy of spatial utilization on preservation area of the watershed and discrepancy of spatial utilization allocation is 97.57%. Based on the existing land use as well as the area that should be functioned as a preservation area, there is 79.33% discrepancy of the spatial utilization that has been applied for dry field, rice field, brushwood, plantation, mixed cultivation, settlement, grassland and sand. Another criterias for determination of preservation area by Ministry of Forestry (1993) are able to be used as additional criteria for determination of preservation area of particular areas, for example upper area of the watershed or the damaged area due to people activities. There is significant indication of the population pressure on 98.36% of the identified preservation area in the watershed (Population Pressure Index >1). Therefore, dependency of the community on the preservation area should be decreased by strengthening the farmer institution, increasing the job opportunities and increasing the accessibility at southern of Sukabumi District.