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      Pengaruh Penggengan terhadap Pertumbuhan, Hasil dan Kualitas Serat serta Kualitas Pulp Kayu Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)

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      Date
      1984
      Author
      Sastrosupadi, Adji
      Wiroatmodjo, Joedojono
      Koswara, Oetit
      Solahuddin, Soleh
      Hardjosoewignjo, Soedarmadi
      Zahrial Coto
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      Abstract
      Indonesia in 1984 demand for gunny sacks made from kenaf, rosella (Hibiscus cannabinus) and jute (Corchorus capsularis) reached approximately 75 million equivalent to 90,000 metric tons of fiber. Domestic production can only meet between 10 - 15 % of this demand, the remainder being imported. With increasing agricultural production of sugar, rice, corn, copra etc. demand for gunny sacks will continue to rise. To reduce this dependence on imported gunny sacks the Government is carrying out an intensification programme for smallholder of bast fiber. The objective of the programme is to support the development of land area for bast fiber and to increase farmers income.The best agricultural land is given to food crops; only lower grade agricultural land may be used for bast fiber crops. Typical land that can be cultivated for bast fiber crops such as kenaf or jute is "bonorowo" land or flooded land found along the river basins or the area which have bad drainage. These area during rainy season were flooded so the rice or other food crops which were planted on the beginning of rainy season are generally damaged by this flood; whereas the kenaf or jute will still grow provided it is not totally flooded.To support the development of bast fiber crops on this type of land a number of experiments were carried out in three different time periods. ...
       
      Kebutuhan karung di Indonesia saat ini mencapai sekitar 75 juta lembar atau setara dengan 90.000 ton serat. Dari jumlah kebutuhan ini yang dapat dicukupi oleh produksi karung dari dalam negeri hanya sekitar 10 – 15 % saja, sedang sisanya masih diimpor. Jumlah tersebut diperkirakan akan semakin meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya produksi pertanian yang membutuhkan karung sebagai pembungkusnya seperti gula, padi, jagung, kopra dan sebagainya.Untuk mengurangi impor karung tersebut pemerintah mengadakan program intensifikasi serat karung rakyat dengan tujuan memperluas penanaman serat karung dan meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Disamping itu usaha perluasan tanaman serat karung juga dilakukan ke lahan-lahan yang tidak mendesak tanaman pangan atau palawija. Salah satu lahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh tanaman serat karung, khususnya kenaf atau jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) yaitu lahan banjir atau lahan berdrainase jelek lainnya. Lahan-lahan demikian pada musim penghujan tergenang, tanaman padi atau palawija yang ditanam pada permulaan musim penghujan mati karena tergenang air, sedang tanaman kenaf atau jute masih dapat hidup dan menghasilkan serat asalkan tidak tergenang keseluruhan. Untuk menunjang pengembangan tanaman serat karung pada lahan berdrainase jelek ini, maka dilakukan percobaan pengaruh penggenangan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kenaf. Hasil-hasil percobaan dapat dipergunakan untuk pengulasan ilmiah dan penyempurnaan budidaya.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/977
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