Bentuk Penggunaan dan Produktifitas Lahan Sistem Dusung (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Leihitu, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah)

Abstract

The practice of agroforestry system in Maluku had been occurring for many generations since long time ago, and the people usually called this system as dusung. Agroforestry dusung was a heritage from the ancestors to their descendants, and comprise wood tree, fruits, sago, palm and medicinal plants. This research was conducted to identify the type of land use in dusung system, rearn the land productivity in dusung system, study and to analyze the forms of dusung system for land conservation at Wakal village and Hatu village, Leihitu district, central Maluku, Ambon Island. There were three types of land uses on dusung system, namely farm system, mixed planting system and monoculture planting system. Of these three land uses, the highest production was in mixed planting system on Wakal and Hatu villages which were (Rp 9.716.000,- /ha/year and Rp 11.468.000,- /ha/year). Production in monoculture system in the two villages were respectively (Rp 5.050.000,- /ha/year and Rp 6.785.000,- /ha/year), whereas those of farm system were (Rp 3.466.924,- /ha/year and Rp 2.394.804,- /ha/year). Erosion on land use in dusung system varied according to the type of land uses and land slope. Erosion index ranged within 0 - 1, while degree of erosion was categorized as ranging from low to medium. Erosion in Wakal Village, for farm system was 53.83 ton/ha/year which was greater than ETot 48 ton/ha/year. In monoculture planting system erosion reach of 72.30 ton/ha/year, which was greather than ETot 45 ton/ha/year. On the other hand, farm system in Hatu Village had caused erosion of 49.5 ton/ha/year greater than ETot 30/ha/year. Mixed planting system in Wakal and Hatu had erosion of respectively 30.68 to /ha/year and 12.14 ton/ha/year, which were below ETot 45 ton/ha/year and 43.2 ton/ha/year.