in vitro callus and shoot induction of “mahkota dewa” by manipulation of plant growth regulators and explant

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the effects of auxin and cytokinin in in vitro callus and shoot induction of “mahkota dewa” (Phaleria macrocarpa). Three experiments used Complete Randomized Design for shoot induction (experiment I) and callus induction (experiment II and III). Shoot induction experiment consisted of 16 combinations of BA (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mg/l) and NAA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/l) using MS basal medium and seed as explant. The callus induction experiment consisted of MS basal medium with nine combinations of 2,4-D (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/l) and BA (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l) and six combinations of NAA (20.0 and 40.0 mg/l) and BA (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l). Experiment II and III using leaf and seed as explants in separated experiment. within MS medium. The result of experiment I showed that shoots can be produced in MS basal medium with combinations BA and NAA. The best combination of auxin and cytokinin for shoot induction was BA 2.5 mg/l. For callus induction using leaf explants was 2,4-D 2.5 mg/l + BA 0.5 mg/l and 20.0 mg/l NAA without BA, and for seed explants was 2,4 -D 10.0 mg/l + BA 5.0 mg/l and NAA 20.0 mg/l + BA 0.5 mg/l but it is not significantly with NAA 20.0 mg/l + BA 1.0 mg/l.