Sintesis Mono-diasilgliserol (M-DAG) dari Destilat Asam Lemak Minyak Sawit (DALMS) Melalui Esterifikasi Enzimatis.

Abstract

Mono-diacylglycerol (M-DAG) are emulsifiers in food industries with GRAS (Generally recognized as safe) statuta. M-DAG can be synthesized by chemical or enzymatic way. Biosyntheses of M-DAG can be catalyzed by lipase enzyme with three ways; esterification fatty acid with glycerol, hydrolysis triglicerida and transesterification. The objectives of this research was to look for the optimum conditions (solvent, time and temperature reaction) to syntheses of M-DAG by enzymatic esterification of PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Destilate) and glycerol using lipase. Substrat ratio of PFAD: glycerol in this research was 2 : 3 with 1g of total mass and 4% of lipase from total substrat. This research used a central composite design (CCD) with 20 unit experiments and respon surface model to evaluated the effects of solvent, time and temperature reaction to syntheses of M-DAG. The product of M-DAG were evaluated the physicochemical properties including melting point, free fatty acid and iodine value. The result showed that optimum conditions to syntheses of M-DAG for yield parameter were 54o C, 14 hours and 11 ml of tertier-butanol as solvent and were chosen as optimum conditions for syntheses of M-DAG due to the maximal yield (58%) and high MAG fraction. From statistic analysis, yield parameter model has significantly affected (P= 0,0449< 0,1) and had high coefficient of correlation (r = 0,8591). The verification of the optimum conditions had coefficient of varian 6,66% and 51,66% for yield, which consist of 78,31% with coefficient of varian 8,70% for MAG fraction and 21,69% for DAG fraction with coefficient of varian 31,6%. The melting point of M-DAG was 57,0-62,5o C, free fatty acid content was 0,75% and iodine value was 16,7.