Diferensiasi Genetik Populasi Udang Jerbung (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis De Man) dari Banten, Jawa Tengah, Bengkulu, Kalimantan Barat, dan Nusa Tenggara Barat

Abstract

Genetic differentiation (phenotype and genotype) of population is need as base information for banana prawn breeding program. Information of genetic differentiation banana prawn in Indonesia is few, so this study was purposed for determine morphologycally and molecular different banana prawn (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) from Banten, Central Java, Bengkulu, West Kalimantan, and West Nusa Tenggara. Morphologycally measurement with morphometric method was applied for determine phenotype, and mitochondrial DNA 16S ribosomal RNA analysis with sequencing method for determine genotype different. Results of analysis showed that there were morphometrically genetic variations among banana prawn population studied. Banana prawn from West Kalimantan had highest variation of morphology and Bengkulu lowest variation. Results of Cluster analysis indicated that two main clusters were found, i.e. banana prawn from West Kalimantan, West Nusa Tenggara and Bengkulu as the first cluster, Central Java and Banten as the second cluster. PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S-rRNA mitochondrial DNA region were performed using 5’-CGCCTGTTTAAC-AAAAACAT-3’ and 5’-CCGGTCTGAACTCAGATCATGT- 3’. Analysis of homology sequences of 16S-rRNA mtDNA show that banana prawn used in this study was Fenneropenaeus merguiensis. Result of family relationship analysis indicated that 5 population of banana prawn can divided into 2 groups, i.e. West Kalimantan and group of Bengkulu-Banten-Central Java-NTB. Banana prawn from West Kalimantan and Bengkulu has specific sequences at 5’ terminal, ACTGACT and C-GAC, respectively. Those sequences may be able to be use as a marker in the breeding program of banana prawn in Indonesia.