Variasi Genetika Jati Jawa Berdasarkan Metode Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

Abstract

Information on genetic variation of teak in Java at present is still limited. Existing data mostly were based on isozyme analysis, on few localized population, and using leaves as sample materials. In this study usage of RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) as one of DNA markers, and teak wood as material to study teak genetic diversity could enrich the available information. Samples were collected from nine Forest Management Unit (FMU) representing three provinces in Java, i.e. FMU Banten, FMU Ciamis and FMU Indramayu of West Java province, FMU Cepu, FMU Kebonharjo, FMU Kendal and FMU Randublatung of Central Java province, FMU Bojonegoro and FMU Ngawi of East Java province. Leaves DNA were extracted using CTAB method and woods DNA were extracted using CTAB (Cethyl Trimethyl Amonium Bromide) method, while RAPD analysis were done using four selected primers, i.e. OPY2, OPY9, OPO13 and OPY11 . Generated data were then analyzed using POPGENE version 3.2 and NTSYS 2.02. Results showed that teak genetic diversity in Java as measured from heterozygosity level ranged from 0,0614 (FMU Ngawi) to 0,2753 (FMU Indramayu). Dendrogram based on calculated Nei’s genetic distances clustered the populations into two main groups, i.e. West Java province and Central-East Java province. Amplified DNA from wood comprised only of small size fragments (maximum 500bp) as compared to those of leaves (maximum 2500bp). If wood is going to be used as material for fingerprinting traded forest products, a refinement method in DNA analysis should be done