Pengaruh Padat Penebangan dan Jenis Pakan terhadap Produktivitas Tiga Spesies Jangkrik Lokal yang Dibudidayakan

Abstract

Jangkrik (Gryllus sp.) adalah jenis serangga yang dikenal masyarakat sebagai pakan satwa piaraan khususnya aneka burung berkicau dan satwa pemakan serangga. Di USA dan Kanada, selain dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan satwa piaraan dan umpan memancing ikan, jangkrik juga digunakan sebagai hewan laboratorium karena memiliki beberapa kelebihan diantaranya siklus hidupnya pendek, jarang terkena penyakit, murah harganya serta mudah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dan pakan yang diberikan. Dari aspek nutrisi jangkrik berpotensi sebagai sumber protein hewani alternatif karena mengandung nutrisi dan asam amino cukup lengkap sehingga mampu menggantikan sebagian tepung kedelai dan tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ayam broiler.

In the development of cricket farming, important information in regard with raising method, type of crickets, feedstuff, density level, sex ratio and it's productivity is essential. This study was conducted from March to December 2000 at the laboratory of Non Ruminant and Prospective Animals, The Faculty of Animal Science, IPB Bogor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different density level and rations on the productivity of three species of domesticated local crickets, ie Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, Gryllus mitratus Burn and Gryllus testaceus Walk. The result indicated that the density level of approximately 1000 cricket/box had no significant influence on growth performance of the three species local crickets: Nevertheless, higher density level tended to increase mortality rate especially for G. bimaculatus (rate of mortality 45.86%). The use of feed combination of formulated ration plus mustard greens resulted in better growth performance and higher egg production compared to the combination of formulated ration plus papaya leafes. The type of feedstuff had no significant effect on mortality rate and hatchability.