Greenery and Blue Open Spaces Management in water Sensitive Cities of Jabodetabek

Abstract

Jakarta-Bogor-Depok-Tangerang-Bekasi (Jabodetabek), as a megacity has highly growth of citizen population. UrtJan density has been increased progressively. However, infrastructure development is left several steps behind. Therefore, environmental degradation, such as urban heat, water extreme and vulnerabilities are held not only in Jakarta, but also in its vicinity. It's proposed to establish two dams in Ciawi and Genteng with 36.106 m3 and 25.106 m3 water capacities to regulate water debit of Ciliwung and Cisadane rivers, respectively. Due to some ecologically and socio-economically constraints, dam construction has been delayed. This paper tells some lesson learned regarding greenery and blue open space management in water sensitive cities of Jabodetabek. Case study was conducted in the scale of Ciliwung Watershed as bioregional. Greenery and blue open space researches are concerned to the upper, the middle and the down streams of Ciliwung watershed management. According to the research results, it's well known that land use and land cover are increasingly changing in Ciliwung watershed during the latest 30 years. In order to reduce risk of flooding, some alternatives are recommended to manage greenery and blue open spaces better in the scale of riparian landscape of Ciliwung. The upper stream is projected to develop urban agriculture zone, the middle stream for agro-biodiversity conservation zone, and the downstream for productive landscape zone of individual or community gardens, such as pekarangan, kebun campuran and talun. As substitution of big dams, it's planned to making a lot of ponds and water cascade as small water retention along the river, i.e. situ, embung, danau etc. Simple simulation could be calculated. Seventy percent of 117 km Ciliwung river length (c.a. 80 km) will be utilized for the project area. Each 1 km distance would be established two ponds in the right and the left side of public good riparian landscape. Average size of pond is 50m x 20m x 2m (2.103 m3). Therefore, total 160 ponds will regulate 32.10 m3. Those water retention ponds could be designed as landscape services for recreation parks, fishing, irrigation, biodiversity conservation, micro-climate amelioration depend on the needs of surrounding communities and govemments policies. In the case of Ciliwung River, those greenery and blue open spaces must be managed by local government of Bogor District, Bogor City, Depok City, and Metropolitan Jakarta, respectively based on administrative region.