Strategi Peningkatan Keamanan Konsumsi Dendeng Sapi Melalui Perbaikan Formulasi dan Teknik Preparasi Yang Mampu Mereduksi Residu Nitrit dan Senyawa Malonaldehida

Abstract

Summary Nitrosamines and malonaldehyde (MDA), the toxic and mutagenic compound are could be formed in dendeng. But their formation are affected by sodium nitrate/nitrite that used in curing process and ingredients that are rich in antioxidant component. The research before resulted the best formulation that combines spices composition, wet curing and preparation technique that produce good characteristics of dendeng, especially in red colour, and the lowest MDA. That dendeng has no nitrite residual detected by spectrophotometer, but has probability of nitrosamine containing under limit of detection of GC-MS that was used (<26,85 µg/kg of NDEA). Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the consumption safety of dendeng affected by MDA and nitrosamine that are probably present in that product. The objective of this research was to evaluate the safety consumption of beef dendeng used rats as animal models fed ration containing dendeng as proteins source for 42 days that was combined with stress oxidative treatment by interaperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA). Rats were devided into 5 group of treatment: 1. group fed ration containing freeze dried meat flour as source of proteins without NDEA injection (control group); 2. group fed ration containing non-cured dendeng as source of proteins, without NDEA injection (C0TN); 3. group fed ration containing non-cured dendeng as source of proteins, with NDEA injection (C0N); 4. group fed ration containing cured dendeng as source of proteins, without NDEA injection (CbTN); 5. group fed ration containing cured dendeng as source of proteins, with NDEA injection (CbN) . Evaluating was done by monitoring of animal performance, measuring of kidney and liver weight, analysis of MDA (plasma, kidney, and liver), analysis of katalase and SOD activities (kidney and liver). Beside that general morphology evaluation was done on histologis of kidney, liver and pankreas using hematoksilin-eosin staining, also SOD status in kidneys and liver were analysed as confirmation used immunohistochemical staining technique . The result showed that either cured dendeng, or non-cured dendeng did not affect kidneys or liver weight, with the ration conversion were not different to control ration. Dendeng consumption did not increase MDA level compared to control treatment, indeed increased kidneys and liver katalase and SOD activities. Cured dendeng affected degeneration cellular of kidneys and liver like cellular injury caused by injection of NDEA. As the conclusion, dendeng modified is safe to use as animal proteins source, but for cured dendeng still has risk on kidneys and liver degenerative diseases if it was consumed continuously for long periods.

Keywords: beef dendeng safety, nitrite, nitrosamine, malonaldehyde