Keragaman Morfometrik Sapi Katingan di Kalimantan Tengah

Abstract

ABSTRACT UTOMO, B.N., R.R. NOOR, C. SUMANTRI, I. SUPRIATNA and E. GUNARDI. 2010. Morphometric performances of Katingan cattle in Central Kalimantan. JITV 15(3): 220-230. The information of Katingan cattle as an indigenous cattle in Central Kalimantan is very limited, especially phenotypic characterization. A number of 72 heads, consist of 57 heads female and 15 heads male of Katingan cattle in adults category were used in this study. The samples were obtained from three of sub districts in district of Katingan, those were Tewah Sanggalang Garing (Pendahara Village), Pulau Malan (Buntut Bali Village) and Katingan Tengah (Tumbang Lahang Village). The location were used as the variable of groups (subpopulation). This study was conducted to describe morphometric performance, which was analysed by discriminant and canonical to estimate the phylogenic relationship and to determine the discriminant variable among the group (subpopulation). The SAS package program version 6.0 and MEGA 2 program was used to analyze data. The observed parameters were body length, wither height, chest width, chest depth, chest circumference, hip heigth, hip width, head height, head length and head width. The chest depth and hip height of female cattle from group of Buntut Bali were lower (P < 0.05) than group of Pendahara and Tumbang Lahang. The different results on male cattle in group of Buntut Bali, the parameter of chest width, hip width and body length were higher (P < 0.05) than group of Pendahara and Tumbang Lahang. The average of body weight male Katingan cattle from Buntut Bali higher (P < 0.05) than group of Pendahara and Tumbang Lahang but there were not different (P > 0.05) bodyweight on female Katingan cattle among location. The highest similarity value was Katingan cattle from group of Tumbang Lahang (92,86%) followed by group of Pendahara (40.91%) and group of Buntut Bali (38.89%), repectivelly. Katingan cattle from group of Pendahara and Tumbang Lahang had closest genetic distance (1.406), while the longest genetic distance (2.046) was between group of Buntut Bali and group of Tumbang Lahang. Genetic distance between group of Buntut Bali and Pendahara was 1.929. Katingan cattle from Pendahara and Tumbang Lahang within one cluster. Body length in canonical structure 2 can be used as discriminant variable.

ABSTRAK UTOMO, B.N., R.R. NOOR, C. SUMANTRI, I. SUPRIATNA dan E. Gunardi. 2010. Keragaman morfometrik sapi Katingan di Kalimantan Tengah. JITV 15(3): 220-230. Sapi Katingan sebagai sapi lokal Kalimantan Tengah belum pernah dilakukan penelitian. Keragaman morfometrik sapi Katingan memberikan informasi mengenai karakteristik kuantitatif, melalui analisis morfologi dengan pendekatan teknik diskriminasi dan kanonikal digunakan untuk menentukan hubungan filogenik dan peubah pembeda yang dapat menentukan pembeda antar kelompok. Analisis diskriminan dilakukan pada peubah lingkar dada, dalam dada, lebar dada, tinggi gumba, tinggi pinggul, lebar pinggul, panjang badan, bobot badan, panjang kepala, lebar kepala, dan tinggi kepala. Lokasi penelitian di tiga kecamatan sebagai subpopulasi, yaitu Kecamatan Tewah Sanggalang Garing (Kelurahan Pendahara), Kecamatan Pulau Malan (Desa Buntut Bali), dan Kecamatan Katingan Tengah (Desa Tumbang Lahang). Contoh sapi Katingan diambil secara acak dan diperoleh contoh sapi dewasa jantan 15 ekor dan sapi dewasa betina 57 ekor. Data dianalisis dengan program SAS versi 6.0 dan MEGA 2. Parameter dalam dada dan tinggi pinggul sapi Katingan betina asal Buntut Bali lebih rendah ukurannya (P < 0,05) dari kelompok sapi Pendahara dan Tumbang Lahang. Berbeda untuk sapi jantannya dimana lebar dada, tinggi pinggul dan panjang badan lebih besar (P < 0,05) dibandingkan dengan kelompok sapi jantan dari Pendahara dan Tumbang Lahang. Rata-rata bobot badan sapi Katingan betina tidak berbeda (P > 0,05) antar lokasi tetapi untuk sapi jantannya kelompok dari Buntut Bali lebih berat (P < 0,05) dibandingkan dengan kedua lokasi lainnya. Sapi dari Tumbang Lahang mempunyai nilai kesamaan paling tinggi (92,86%), disusul sapi dari Pendahara (40,91%) dan sapi dari Buntut Bali (38,89%). Sapi dari subpopulasi Pendahara dan Tumbang Lahang mempunyai jarak genetik lebih dekat (1,406) dibandingkan antara subpopulasi Buntut Bali dengan Pendahara (1,929) dan dengan Tumbang Lahang (2,046). Sapi dari Pendahara dan Tumbang Lahang berada dalam 1 kluster. Panjang badan di struktur kanonikal 2 memberikan pengaruh kuat terhadap peubah pembeda kelompok.