Pemanfaatan Famili Gen Hormon Pertumbuhan (GH, GHR, GHRH dan PIT-1) untuk Mendeteksi Keragaman Genetik Kerbau di Kabupaten Pandeglang dan Lebak Provinsi Banten

Abstract

ABSTRACT SUMANTRI, C., R. DIYONO, A. FARAJALLAH, A. ANGGRAENI and E. ANDREAS. 2010. Aplication of growth hormone genes familly (GH, GHR, GHRH and Pit-1) for detecting genetic variation of buffaloes in Pandeglang and Lebak districts in Banten Province. JITV 15(4): 286-296. Selection using genetic markers are commonly performed to improve livestock productivity in the livestock industry. The objectives of this study were to identify growth hormone genes family (GH|MspI, GH|AluI, GHR|AluI, GHRH|HaeIII and Pit-1|HinfI) polymorphisms of Banten buffalo population consisted of Pandeglang and Lebak subpopulations. A total number of 209 blood samples were collected from 15 districts. Genomic DNAs were extracted by a standard phenol-chloroform protocol and amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, then PCR products of GH, GHR, GHRH and Pit-1 Genes were digested with MspI, AluI, HaeIII and HinfI enzyme restriction. Fragments of GH|MspI, GH|AluI, GHR|AluI, GHRH|HaeIII and Pit-1|HinfI were detected by EtBr method. The results showed that GH|MspI and GHRH|HaeIII loci were polymorphic, GH|AluI, GHR|AluI and Pit-1|HinfI, loci were monomorphic. GH allele (-) at locus GH|MspI was only found in Cisata (0.03) and Menes (0.11). Allele B at locus GHRH|HaeIII only found in Cibadak (0.42), Cisata (0.30) and Menes (0.11). In the total population of Banten locus GH|MspI have low diversity (He = 0.02) and polymorphic information content (Pic = 0.02), whereas GHRH|HaeIII locus has a higher diversity (He = 0.23) and Pic (0.22).

ABSTRAK SUMANTRI, C., R. DIYONO, A. FARAJALLAH, A. ANGGRAENI dan E. ANDREAS. 2010. Pemanfaatan famili gen hormon pertumbuhan (GH, GHR, GHRH dan PIT-1) untuk mendeteksi keragaman genetik kerbau di Kabupaten Pandeglang dan Lebak Provinsi Banten. JITV 15(4): 286-296. Seleksi dengan menggunakan marker genetik sudah umum dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ternak di industri peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keragaman gen GH, GHR, GHRH dan Pit-1 pada lokus (GH|MspI, GH|AluI, GHR|AluI, GHRH|HaeIII dan Pit-1|HinfI) pada populasi kerbau Banten (Pandeglang dan Lebak) dengan metode polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) Sebanyak 209 sampel darah dikoleksi dari 15 kecamatan. Genom DNA diekstrak menggunakan phenol-chloroform protocol dan diamplifikasi dengan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR), kemudian PCR produk dipotong dengan enzim restriksi. Potongan fragmen dari gen GH|MspI, GH|AluI, GHR|AluI, GHRH|HaeIII dan Pit-1|HinfI dideteksi dengan metoda EtBr. Analisis polimorfisme meliputi frekuensi alel dan genotipe, heterosigositas pengamatan (Ho), heterosigositas harapan (He) dan keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg. Lokus GH|MspI dan GHRH|HaeIII bersifat polimorfik, sedangkan lokus GH|AluI, GHR|AluI dan Pit-1|HinfI bersifat monomorfik. Alel GH(-) pada lokus GH|MspI hanya ditemukan di kecamatan Cibarani (0,03) dan Kecamatan Menes (0,11). Alel B pada lokus GHRH|HaeIII hanya ditemukan di kecamatan Cibadak (0,42), Cibarani (0,30) dan Menes (0,11) Pada populasi total Banten lokus GH|MspI mempunyai keragaman yang rendah (He = 0,02) dan polymorphic information content (Pic = 0,02), sedangkan lokus GHRH|HaeIII mempunyai keragaman lebih tinggi (He = 0,23) dan Pic (0,22)