Pendugaan Parameter Genetik dan Seleksi pada Populasi Bersegregasi Padi.

Abstract

Demand of rice will continue to increase in line with increases of population and consumption of rice per capita, but the production of rice continually decrease due to land conversion and environmental conditions. The increases of rice production is needed to fulfill national rice consumption. Growing high-yielding varieties is an alternative to improve rice production. The research aimed to estimate the genetic parameters, studied the genes action based on distribution F2 population, and to get a character selection that can be used to calculate the value of differential selection at the F2 population. The experiment was conducted at Leuwikopo experimental field from November 2014 until April 2015. The study used a „single plant‟ method that growing all crops in the experiment field without any replication. The results of mean calculation showed some character of F2 population have better mean value than parental lines. Most of the characters were observed have a high level of diversity caused by segregation of additive, dominant and epistasis genes. The characters of filled grain number panicle-1, unfilled grain number panicle-1, total grain number panicle-1, filled grain weight plant-1, unfilled grain weight plant-1 and total grain weight plant-1 was observed have high estimates of broad sense heritability and coefficient of genetic diversity, so the character is more affected by genetic factors and can be used as one of determination of the selection criteria. The whole character correlated positively to the yield, except for unfilled grain number panicle-1 and unfilled grain weight plant-1. Selection process is based on the character of filled grain weight plant-1, because it has a high broad sense heritability, high coefficient of genetic diversity, correlated positively with almost all the characters, and there are many additive genes of the chara