Kajian Aktivitas Komponen Bioaktif dari Keong Matah Merah (Cerithidea obtusa)

Abstract

Cerithidea obtusa is one of species that can be found in the mangrove ecosystem in the Asia-Pacific region. It has been widely used for food and reliable as medicine. This study was aimed to explore the potential of bioactive components activity through characterization of C. obtusa; characterization of C. obtusa extract; antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antibacterial activity assay of C. obtusa extract in vitro. The characterization of C. obtiusa were included identification, morphometric observations, proportions and proximate analysis. Whereas, the characterization of C. obtusa extract were included yield, extract descriptions, toxicity with BSLT method, and screening of active component qualitatively. Bioactive activity was measured in vitro included antioxidant by DPPH method, antidiabetic by α-glucosidase inhibition method, antiinflammatory by red blood cell membrane stabilizing method, and antibacterial by disc diffusion method. The identification results indicated that the C. obtusa had a blunt at the tip of the shell characterization. The average of shell length, shell width, columella width, and weight were 40.5 mm, 19.9 mm, 16.9 mm, and 5.1 g, respectively. The proportion of shells, meat, and offal were 66.7%, 18.1%, and 15.2%, respectively. Moisture content, protein, fat, ash, and carbohydrate were 82.8%, 11.9%, 0.3%, 2.0%, and 3.1%, respectively. The highest yield was methanol extract (4.7%), followed by ethyl acetate extract (0.5%) and n-hexane extract (0.2%). All of extracts had characteristics of paste form and fishy smell. The colour of methanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and n-hexane extract were faded green, dark green, and tawny, recpectively. Toxicity test showed that all of extracts were toxic with the lowest of LC50 value was n-hexan extract (176.3 μg/ml), followed by ethyl acetate extract (476.3 μg/ml) and methanol extract (715.4 μg/ml). Screening of active component adduced that methanol extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and saponins; ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoids, phenolic hydroquinone, triterpenoids, and saponins; n-hexane extract contained triterpenoids. Ethyl acetate extract had antioxidant activity (IC50 = 645,6 μg/ml) while methanol extract had antidiabetic activity (IC50 = 36.4 mg/ml). antiinflammatory activity was not found at all of extracts while antibacteria activity was discovered at n-hexane extract but the activity was very low (MIC = 46 mg/ml).